Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35123548›Full record

SynthesisAlzheimer's research & therapy2022

Altered central and blood glutathione in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis.

Jinghan Jenny Chen, Mathura Thiyagarajah, Jianmeng Song, Clara Chen, Nathan Herrmann, Damien Gallagher, Mark J Rapoport, Sandra E Black, Joel Ramirez, Ana C Andreazza and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
9.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A Systematic Review of the Effects of Capsaicin on Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Pooled it
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  13. Therapeutic potential ofFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jinghan Jenny ChenNeuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
Mathura ThiyagarajahNeuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
Jianmeng SongNeuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
Clara ChenNeuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
Nathan HerrmannNeuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
Damien GallagherDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Mark J RapoportDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Sandra E BlackEvaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Joel RamirezEvaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Ana C AndreazzaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Paul OhKITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Susan MarzoliniKITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Simon J GrahamPhysical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Krista L LanctôtNeuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG52, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada. krista.lanctot@sunnybrook.ca.ORCID 0000-0001-7024-6637
Sunnybrook Health Science Centre · CAUniversity Health Network · CAUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

CIHR 376204CIHR MOP 201803PJ8
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIncreasing evidence implicates oxidative stress (OS) in Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Depletion of the brain antioxidant glutathione (GSH) may be important in OS-mediated neurodegeneration, though studies of post-mortem brain GSH changes in AD have been inconclusive. Recent in vivo measurements of the brain and blood GSH may shed light on GSH changes earlier in the disease.

aimTo quantitatively review in vivo GSH in AD and MCI compared to healthy controls (HC) using meta-analyses.

methodStudies with in vivo brain or blood GSH levels in MCI or AD with a HC group were identified using MEDLINE, PsychInfo, and Embase (1947-June 2020). Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for outcomes using random effects models. Outcome measures included brain GSH (Meshcher-Garwood Point Resolved Spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) versus non-MEGA-PRESS) and blood GSH (intracellular versus extracellular) in AD and MCI. The Q statistic and Egger's test were used to assess heterogeneity and risk of publication bias, respectively.

resultsFor brain GSH, 4 AD (AD=135, HC=223) and 4 MCI (MCI=213, HC=211) studies were included. For blood GSH, 26 AD (AD=1203, HC=1135) and 7 MCI (MCI=434, HC=408) studies were included. Brain GSH overall did not differ in AD or MCI compared to HC; however, the subgroup of studies using MEGA-PRESS reported lower brain GSH in AD (SMD [95%CI] -1.45 [-1.83, -1.06], p<0.001) and MCI (-1.15 [-1.71, -0.59], z=4.0, p<0.001). AD had lower intracellular and extracellular blood GSH overall (-0.87 [-1. 30, -0.44], z=3.96, p<0.001). In a subgroup analysis, intracellular GSH was lower in MCI (-0.66 [-1.11, -0.21], p=0.025). Heterogeneity was observed throughout (I

conclusionBlood intracellular GSH decrease is seen in MCI, while both intra- and extracellular decreases were seen in AD. Brain GSH is decreased in AD and MCI in subgroup analysis. Potential bias and heterogeneity suggest the need for measurement standardization and additional studies to explore sources of heterogeneity.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCognitive DysfunctionBrainGlutathioneHumansOxidative StressGlutathioneAlzheimer diseaseAntioxidantBiomarkersCognitive impairmentGlutathioneMeta-analysisOxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID35123548
PMCPMC8818133
OpenAlexW4213061596

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.