ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2022
The effect of Medicaid expansion on state-level utilization of buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in the United States.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Barriers and facilitators to scaling up medications for opioid use disorder in Kentucky: qualitative perspectives of treatment organization staff.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Trial
- Medicaid Expansion and Buprenorphine Dispensing in Early vs Recent Expansion States.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- States With Substantial Increases In Buprenorphine Uptake Did So With Increased Medicaid Prescribing, 2018-24.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2025Article
- Use and Outcomes of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder Undergoing Surgery.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2025Article
- Identifying and responding to policy-related barriers, facilitators, and misunderstandings in the HEALing communities study: A community-driven approach.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Article
- U.S. substance use harm reduction efforts: a review of the current state of policy, policy barriers, and recommendations.Harm reduction journal · 2025Review
- Scaling up medications for opioid use disorder in Kentucky: Qualitative perspectives of treatment organizations.Research square · 2024Article
- Federal Impacts on Buprenorphine Prescribing in Washington State, 2012 to 2022.American journal of public health · 2024Article
- Differences in medicaid expansion effects on buprenorphine treatment utilization by county rurality and income: A pharmacy data claims analysis from 2009-2018.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2023Article
- Exploring the Association of State Policies and the Trajectories of Buprenorphine Prescriber Patient Caseloads.Substance abuse · 2023Article
- National Trends in Buprenorphine Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder From 2007 to 2018.Substance abuse · 2023Observational
- Housing instability and economic insecurity across the continuum of active substance use, treatment, and recovery among women involved in the criminal legal system.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResearch on the impact of Medicaid expansion on buprenorphine utilization has largely focused on the Medicaid program. Less is known about its associations with total buprenorphine utilization and non-Medicaid payers.
methodsMonthly prescription data (June 2013-May 2018) for proprietary and generic sublingual as well as buccal buprenorphine products were purchased from IQVIA®. Population-adjusted state-level utilization measures were constructed for Medicaid, commercial insurance, Medicare, cash, and total utilization. A difference-in-differences (DID) approach with population weights estimated the association between Medicaid expansion and buprenorphine utilization, while controlling for treatment capacity.
resultsMonthly total buprenorphine prescriptions increased by 68% overall and increased 283% for Medicaid, 30% for commercial insurance, and 143% for Medicare. Cash prescriptions decreased by 10%. The DID estimate for Medicaid expansion was not statistically significant for total utilization (-19.780, 95% CI = -45.118, 5.558, p = .123). For Medicaid buprenorphine utilization, there was a significant increase of 27.120 prescriptions per 100,000 total state residents (95% CI = 9.458, 44.782, p = .003) in expansion states versus non-expansion states post-Medicaid expansion. Medicaid expansion had a negative effect on commercial insurance (DID estimate = -37.745, 95% CI = -62.946, -12.544, p = .004), cash utilization (DID estimate = -6.675, 95% CI = -12.627, -0.723, p = .029), and Medicare utilization (DID estimate = -1.855, 95% CI = -3.697, -0.013, p = .048). DISCUSSION: The associations between Medicaid expansion and buprenorphine utilization varied across different types of payers, such that the overall impact of Medicaid expansion on buprenorphine utilization was not significant.
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