ReviewThe lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology2022
Methods and indicators to validate country reductions in incidence of hepatitis C virus infection to elimination levels set by WHO.
Review in The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Global, regional, and national estimates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection incidence among people who inject drugs and number of new annual HCV infections attributable to injecting drug use: a multi-stage analysis.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Pooled it
- Incidence of HIV and hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs, and associations with age and sex or gender: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of Antiviral Therapy Scale-Up Among People Who Inject Drugs in Scotland: Regional Evidence of Hepatitis C Virus Elimination.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
- Towards hepatitis C elimination with integrated risk-based screening and decentralized care in Taiwan.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Sustaining policy promise: rhetorics of disease elimination and sustainable development.Medical humanities · 2026Article
- Article
- Estimating incidence rates of primary infection and reinfection with hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs in Scotland: a model-based analysis of repeated cross-sectional survey data.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Temporal trends in hepatitis C incidence among people tested more than once in Georgia, 2017-23: a nationwide, retrospective cohort.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Article
- Impact and cost-effectiveness of interventions to eliminate hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs in Haiphong, Vietnam.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Article
- Is San Diego California on Track to Reach HCV Elimination? A Modeling Analysis of Combination Prevention Strategies.Viruses · 2024Article
- Monitoring Progress Towards the Elimination of Hepatitis C as a Public Health Threat in Norway: A Modelling Study Among People Who Inject Drugs and Immigrants.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- In search of a 'good number': knowledge controversy and population estimates in the endgame of hepatitis C elimination.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- Impact of HCV Testing and Treatment on HCV Transmission Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Who Inject Drugs in San Francisco: A Modelling Analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Insights from a national survey in 2021 and from modelling on progress towards hepatitis C virus elimination in the country of Georgia since 2015.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Treatment as prevention effect of direct-acting antivirals on primary hepatitis C virus incidence: Findings from a multinational cohort between 2010 and 2019.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Laying the foundations for hepatitis C elimination: evaluating the development and contribution of community care pathways to diagnostic efforts.BMC public health · 2023Review
- Digital Marketing: A Unique Multidisciplinary Approach towards the Elimination of Viral Hepatitis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
One of the main goals of the 2016 Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis is the elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health problem by 2030, defined as an 80% reduction in incidence and 65% reduction in mortality relative to 2015. Although monitoring HCV incidence is key to validating HCV elimination, use of the gold-standard method, which involves prospective HCV retesting of people at risk, can be prohibitively resource-intensive. Additionally, few countries collected quality data in 2015 to enable an 80% decrease by 2030 to be calculated. Here, we first review different methods of monitoring HCV incidence and discuss their resource implications and applicability to various populations. Second, using mathematical models developed for various global settings, we assess whether trends in HCV chronic prevalence or HCV antibody prevalence or scale-up levels for HCV testing, treatment, and preventative interventions can be used as reliable alternative indicators to validate the HCV incidence target. Third, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of an absolute HCV incidence target and suggest a suitable threshold. Finally, we propose three options that countries can use to validate the HCV incidence target, depending on the available surveillance infrastructure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.