Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35122215›Full record

ArticleAIDS and behavior2022

Implementation of South Africa's Central Chronic Medicine Dispensing and Distribution Program for HIV Treatment: A Qualitative Evaluation.

Laura M Bogart, Zinhle Shazi, Sarah MacCarthy, Alexandra Mendoza-Graf, Nafisa J Wara, Dani Zionts, Nduduzo Dube, Sabina Govere, Ingrid V Bassett

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AIDS and behavior, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Differentiated antiretroviral distribution: Implementation in five South African districts.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Experiences of nurses and patients with the implementation of the CCMDD programme.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Monitoring patients on ART within the CCMDD programme and those attending an urban healthcare facility in KwaZulu-Natal.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2024
    Article
  17. Observational
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Laura M BogartRAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, USA. lbogart@rand.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3182-5542
Zinhle ShaziAIDS Healthcare Foundation, Durban, South Africa.
Sarah MacCarthyRAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, USA.
Alexandra Mendoza-GrafRAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA, 90407-2138, USA.
Nafisa J WaraMedical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Dani ZiontsMedical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Nduduzo DubeAIDS Healthcare Foundation, Durban, South Africa.
Sabina GovereAIDS Healthcare Foundation, Durban, South Africa.
Ingrid V BassettMedical Practice Evaluation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Funding

The impact of HIV viral diversity and cellular immunity on HIV pathogenesisP30AI060354 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI RAJESH T GANDHI · 2004 to 2026
$94.4M
UCLA Rapid, Relevant, Rigorous Implementation Science HubP30MH058107 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Nina Thawata Harawa · 1997 to 2026
$53.5M
South Africa's new Central Chronic Medicine Dispensing and Distribution program: assessing the clinic, patient, and community impactR01MH114997 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BASSETT, INGRID VALERIE · 2018 to 2022
$3.4M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI060354NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH058107NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH114997NIMH NIH HHS R01MH114997
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We used the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model to evaluate implementation of South Africa's Central Chronic Medicine Dispensing and Distribution (CCMDD) program, a differentiated service delivery program which allows clinically stable HIV-positive patients to receive antiretroviral therapy refills at clinic- or community-based pick-up points. Across ten clinics, we conducted 109 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders (pick-up point staff, CCMDD service providers and administrators) and 16 focus groups with 138 patients. Participants had highly favorable attitudes and said CCMDD decreased stigma concerns. Patient-level barriers included inadequate education about CCMDD and inability to get refills on designated dates. Organizational-level barriers included challenges with communication and transportation, errors in medication packaging and tracking, rigid CCMDD rules, and inadequate infrastructure. Recommendations included: (1) provide patient education and improve communication around refills (at the patient level); (2) provide dedicated space and staff, and ongoing training (at the organizational/clinic level); and (3) allow for prescription renewal at pick-up points and less frequent refills, and provide feedback to clinics (at the CCMDD program level).

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsAmbulatory Care FacilitiesFocus GroupsHumansQualitative ResearchSocial StigmaSouth AfricaAntiretroviral therapyDifferentiated service deliveryHIV/AIDSImplementation scienceQualitativeSouth Africa

Identifiers

PMID35122215
PMCPMC8815398

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.