ReviewBiological psychiatry2022
Parsing the Network Mechanisms of Electroconvulsive Therapy.
Review in Biological psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cortical thickness in depression: a systematic review.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2024Pooled it
- Peripheral miRNA profiling identifies therapy-specific biological trajectories in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in depression: an exploratory mechanistic study.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Comparing the Neurocognitive Effects of Right Unilateral Ultra-Brief Pulse Electroconvulsive Therapy and Magnetic Seizure Therapy for the Treatment of Major Depressive Episode.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Trial
- Magnetic Seizure Therapy vs Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Bipolar Mania: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in depression induces structural plasticity.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Microbiome-Informed Precision Electroconvulsive Therapy: Oral-Gut-Immune Signatures and Seizure Biology as Candidate Predictors of Response-A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Postictal resting-state connectivity changes after electroconvulsive therapy-induced seizures.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Systems-based psychiatry: insights from psychedelic research on mechanisms of healing.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The postictal systems window hypothesis of electroconvulsive therapy in major depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Relearning the epistemology, history, and future of neuropsychiatry.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- Article
- Computational Models of High-Definition Electroconvulsive Therapy for Focal or Multitargeting Treatment.The journal of ECT · 2025Article
- Multilevel Neuroimaging Insights Into Electroconvulsive Therapy Mechanisms in Clozapine-Refractory Schizophrenia: A Comparative Perspective With Depression.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Putative Mechanisms of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia Examined Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Restoration of mitochondrial energy metabolism by electroconvulsive therapy in adolescent and juvenile mice.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Clinical implications of admission anemia for electroconvulsive therapy planning in adolescent major depressive disorder: identifying vulnerable subgroups with poorer response.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Side Effects of Mixed-Strategy Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Proof-of-Concept Randomized Clinical Trial on Late Life Depression.Psychiatry investigation · 2024Article
- Causation in neuroscience: keeping mechanism meaningful.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2024Review
- Functional connectivity analyses of individual hippocampal subregions in major depressive disorder with electroconvulsive therapy.Psychoradiology · 2024Article
- How electroconvulsive therapy works in the treatment of depression: is it the seizure, the electricity, or both?Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the oldest and most effective forms of neurostimulation, wherein electrical current is used to elicit brief, generalized seizures under general anesthesia. When electrodes are positioned to target frontotemporal cortex, ECT is arguably the most effective treatment for severe major depression, with response rates and times superior to other available antidepressant therapies. Neuroimaging research has been pivotal in improving the field's mechanistic understanding of ECT, with a growing number of magnetic resonance imaging studies demonstrating hippocampal plasticity after ECT, in line with evidence of upregulated neurotrophic processes in the hippocampus in animal models. However, the precise roles of the hippocampus and other brain regions in antidepressant response to ECT remain unclear. Seizure physiology may also play a role in antidepressant response to ECT, as indicated by early positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, and electroencephalography research and corroborated by recent magnetic resonance imaging studies. In this review, we discuss the evidence supporting neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and other brain regions during and after ECT, and their associations with antidepressant response. We also offer a mechanistic, circuit-level model that proposes that core mechanisms of antidepressant response to ECT involve thalamocortical and cerebellar networks that are active during seizure generalization and termination over repeated ECT sessions, and their interactions with corticolimbic circuits that are dysfunctional prior to treatment and targeted with the electrical stimulus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.