ArticleBMC oral health2022
Local myalgia compared to myofascial pain with referral according to the DC/TMD: Axis I and II results.
Article in BMC oral health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Botulinum Toxin and Percutaneous Needle Electrolysis for the Treatment of Chronic Masticatory Myalgia.Toxins · 2023Trial
- Repetitive tooth-clenching triggers kynurenine pathway activation in masseter muscle of women with temporomandibular disorders myalgia.Pain reports · 2026Article
- Immediate Effects of Dry Needling in Patients with Myofascial Temporomandibular Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Psychological burden as the primary determinant of suicidal ideation in patients with temporomandibular disorders.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Interventions in the Management of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Acta stomatologica Croatica · 2026Article
- Tendinopathy of masticatory muscles: a narrative review on the potential pathogenetic mechanism and pain characteristics.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Review
- Referred Pain Manifestation and Its Impact on Patients With Temporomandibular Disorder.Oral diseases · 2025Article
- Criterion Validity of the Isometric Contraction Test for Diagnosis of Axis I DC/TMD Considering Specific Muscles.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Assessment of Common Oral Behaviors in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Their Relationship to Psychosocial Factors.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- RDC/TMD axis II criteria in defining temporomandibular disorders. a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Brief Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders: Sensitivity and Specificity of Clinical Diagnoses (A Multi-Center Study).Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Article
- Axis I diagnosis profile according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD): comparison between hospital-based orofacial pain clinic and dental academic-based orofacial pain clinic.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2024Article
- The Potential of Percent Agreement as an Adjunctive Diagnostic Tool for Acute Temporomandibular Disorder.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Muscular Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Prospective Case-Control Study.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Headache and orofacial pain: A traffic-light prognosis-based management approach for the musculoskeletal practice.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Do Temporomandibular Disorder Patients with Joint Pain Exhibit Forward Head Posture? A Cephalometric Study.Pain research & management · 2023Article
- Temporomandibular Disorders and Bruxism among Sex Workers-A Cross Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- A Controlled Study of Biopsychosocial Differences Observed in Masticatory Myalgia With and Without Pain Referral.Journal of oral & facial pain and headacheArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) categorized TMD muscle disorders into 3 subgroups: local myalgia, myofascial pain with spreading and myofascial pain with referral. However, the rationale for such division into subgroups and the pathogenesis and prognosis of muscle-related TMD are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the differences between local myalgia and myofascial pain with referral by means of a biopsychosocial model based on the DC/TMD.
methodsThis retrospective study included all consecutive TMD patients who were diagnosed according to the DC/TMD in our institution between 2015 and 2018. The Axis I and II findings of patients diagnosed with local myalgia were compared to those of patients with myofascial pain with referral. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
resultsA total of 255 patients (61 men and 194 women, mean age 37.8 ± 15.34 years) were enrolled into the study, 114 in the local myalgia group and 83 in the myofascial pain with referral group. The levels of depression and nonspecific physical symptoms, headache attributed to TMD (HAattrTMD), and characteristic pain intensity (CPI) were significantly higher in the latter group. The significant differences for depression and nonspecific physical symptoms persisted after excluding patients diagnosed with HAattrTMD, however, the levels of significance were lower (p = 0.006 compared to p = 0.033 for depression total score, and p = 0.001 compared to p = 0.046 for nonspecific physical symptoms total score). CPI levels, extent of disability, and pain duration were similar for both groups when excluding for HAattrTMD.
conclusionThe current study findings highlight the importance of differentiating between subgroups of myalgia according to the DC/TMD. The diagnosis of myofascial pain with referral may point to a significant Axis II component.
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