ArticleJournal of clinical pharmacology2022
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Metformin in Children and Adolescents With Obesity.
Article in Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Review of Virtual Twins in Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- Age-Driven Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Empagliflozin: Toward Precision Dosing in Youth.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Dosing Strategies for High-Alert Medications in Obese Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Leveraging In Silico and Artificial Intelligence Models to Advance Drug Disposition and Response Predictions Across the Lifespan.Clinical and translational science · 2025Review
- Application of Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Model in Drug Development and in Dietary Phytochemicals.Current pharmacology reports · 2025Review
- Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of pantoprazole to evaluate the role of CYP2C19 genetic variation and obesity in the pediatric population.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
- Personalized Dosing of Medicines for Children: A Primer on Pediatric Pharmacometrics for Clinicians.Paediatric drugs · 2024Review
- Update on Pediatric Anti-obesity Medications-Current Landscape and Approach to Prescribing.Current obesity reports · 2024Review
- The Impact of Paediatric Obesity on Drug Pharmacokinetics: A Virtual Clinical Trials Case Study with Amlodipine.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- A Comprehensive Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model of Nadolol in Adults with Renal Disease and Pediatrics with Supraventricular Tachycardia.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Perioperative Acetaminophen Dosing in Obese Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Prediction of pediatric dose of tirzepatide from the reference adult dose using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Predicting the correct dose in children: Role of computational Pediatric Physiological-based pharmacokinetics modeling tools.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2023Review
- Drug dosing in children with obesity: a narrative updated review.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Childhood obesity continues to rise in the United States and, with it, the off-label use of metformin for weight loss. The influence of age and obesity on the drug's disposition and exposure has not previously been studied using a mechanistic framework. Here, an adult physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of metformin was scaled to pediatric populations without obesity, with overweight/obesity, and with severe obesity; a published virtual population of children and adolescents with obesity was leveraged during model evaluation. When the pediatric model was simulated in groups aged 10 to 18 years, oral clearance following 1000 mg of metformin was higher (≈1200 mL/min) in those with obesity and severe obesity compared to the groups without and with overweight (≈1000 mL/min). In addition, simulated area under the concentration-time curve in older children and adolescents with obesity and severe obesity was comparable to that in adults with a similar dose-exposure relationship. Overall, simulations using the pediatric PBPK model support the use of adult doses of metformin in older children and adolescents with obesity. Moreover, the virtual population of children and adolescents with obesity offers a valuable tool to facilitate development of pediatric PBPK models for studying populations with obesity and, in turn, contribute information to inform drug labeling in this special population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.