ArticleFrontiers in medicine2021
Associations Between Diabetic Retinopathy and Parkinson's Disease: Results From the Catalonian Primary Care Cohort Study.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between diabetic retinopathy and neurodegenerative diseases in the All of Us research program.AJO international · 2024Article
- Antidiabetic drugs in Parkinson's disease.Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2024Review
- Diabetic microvascular disease in non-classical beds: the hidden impact beyond the retina, the kidney, and the peripheral nerves.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Review
- Diabetic retinopathy as a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in subjects with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Variations in Electronic Health Record-Based Definitions of Diabetic Retinopathy Cohorts: A Literature Review and Quantitative Analysis.Ophthalmology scienceArticle
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD) among subjects with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in our large primary health care database from Catalonia (Spain). A retrospective cohort study with pseudo-anonymized routinely collected health data from SIDIAP was conducted from 2008 to 2016. We calculated the number of events, time to event, cumulative incidence, and incidence rates of PD for subjects with and without DR and for different stages of DR. The proportional hazards regression analysis was done to assess the probability of occurrence between DR and PD. In total, 26,453 type 2 diabetic subjects with DR were identified in the database, and 216,250 subjects without DR at inclusion. During the follow-up period, 1,748 PD events occurred. PD incidence rate and cumulative incidence were higher among subjects with DR (16.95 per 10,000 person-years and 0.83%, respectively). In the unadjusted analysis, subjects with DR were at 1.25 times higher risk (hazard ratio: 1.22, 95% confidence interval: 1.06; 1.41) of developing PD during the study period. However, we did not find any statistically significant HR for DR in any models after adjusting for different risk factors (age, sex, duration of diabetes, smoking, body mass index, glycosylated hemoglobin, comorbidities). In conclusion, in our primary health care population database, DR was not associated with an increased risk of PD after adjusting for different risk factors. In our retrospective cohort study, age, male sex, and diabetes duration were independent risk factors for developing PD.
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