Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35118041›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2021

An Ecological Study of Tuberculosis Incidence in China, From 2002 to 2018.

Qianyun Zhang, Wanmei Song, Siqi Liu, Qiqi An, Ningning Tao, Xuehan Zhu, Dongmei Yang, Daoxia Wan, Yifan Li, Huaichen Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Qianyun ZhangDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Wanmei SongDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Siqi LiuDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Qiqi AnDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Ningning TaoDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Xuehan ZhuDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Dongmei YangCollege of Statistics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, China.
Daoxia WanCollege of Statistics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, China.
Yifan LiDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Huaichen LiDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTuberculosis is one of the main infectious diseases threatening global health, which is also the main cause of death from a single source of infection (above HIV/AIDS). China is a country with a high burden of tuberculosis in the world, ranking only behind India and Indonesia. However, there are few ecological studies on the burden of tuberculosis in China. This study aims to provide more research basis for the government to formulate tuberculosis policies by exploring the ecological factors associated with the incidence of tuberculosis, so as to achieve the goal of eliminating tuberculosis by 2030.

methodsWe collected data on the incidence of tuberculosis and ecological factors of 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in Mainland China (excluding Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau) from 2002 to 2018. We constructed a framework of ecological factors affecting the incidence, which consists of 5 secondary indicators and 35 tertiary indicators. And we construct a dynamic panel data model based on the Lasso Regression to select variables to test the effect of each ecological factor on the incidence.

resultsAmong the 35 tertiary indicators, economy 3,4,6,7, environment 1, recourses 1,3, demography 3, and lifecare 2,4,8,9,13 passed the significance test at the 1% level, economy 1,2,5, environment 2,9, lifecare 6,12 passed the significance test at the 5% level, lifecare 10 passed the significance test at the 10% level. Only economy 5 and economy 6 have a positive impact on the incidence, other statistically significant ecological indicators are negatively correlated with the incidence.

conclusionsOur study indicated that many ecological factors, including residents' income, unemployment rate, educational level, medical resources, population density, sunshine duration and dietary structure, are closely related to the incidence of tuberculosis. These findings contribute the government to taking targeted measures for tuberculosis prevention and control, including improving the level of economic development, increasing employment, expanding the scale of enrollment in colleges and universities, and ensuring that the prices of sources of animal protein are reasonable to meet the residents' intake of protein.

Indexed as

TuberculosisChinaEconomic DevelopmentHong KongHumansIncidenceChinaecological studyfactorsincidencetuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID35118041
PMCPMC8804159

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.