ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2021
Rifaximin Modulates the Gut Microbiota to Prevent Hepatic Encephalopathy in Liver Cirrhosis Without Impacting the Resistome.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of rifaximin in preventing hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Preventive and therapeutic effects of rifaximin on hepatic encephalopathy with differential application dosages and strategies: a network meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Pooled it
- Research reviews and prospects of gut microbiota in liver cirrhosis: a bibliometric analysis (2001-2023).Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Rifaximin Improves Cognitive Performance and Reduces Cirrhosis-Related Adverse Events in Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Trial
- Gut microbial dynamics and antibiotic resistance during rifaximin therapy in severe cirrhosis: a ProPILA-Rifax ancillary study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Trial
- Lack of association between rifaximin and drug-resistant infections: a global multicenter inpatient cirrhosis cohort.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Reducing the Risk of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Recurrence: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2026Review
- Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) in Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, Endocrine, Neurological, and Postoperative Diseases: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Probiotics and Antibiotics: From Empirical Practice to a Biological Rationale for Targeted Choice During Antibiotic Therapy.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Rifaximin-Induced Rhabdomyolysis.Cureus · 2026Article
- Targeting gut microbiota in liver disease: A pharmacological approach for hepatic encephalopathy and beyond.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Review
- Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells: Origins, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2025Review
- Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: Steps Towards Consensus.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Gut microbiome composition in patients with liver cirrhosis with and without hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- The effects of rifaximin and lactulose on the gut-liver-brain axis in rats with minimal hepatic encephalopathy.PloS one · 2025Article
- Zein decorated rifaximin nanosuspension: approach for sustained release and anti-bacterial efficacy enhancement.Therapeutic delivery · 2025Article
- Digestive dynamics: Unveiling interplay between the gut microbiota and the liver in macronutrient metabolism and hepatic metabolic health.Physiological reports · 2024Review
- Future Therapies of Hepatic Encephalopathy.Clinics in liver disease · 2024Review
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease on Distinct Microbial Communities at the Bacterial Phylum Level.Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes.Biomedicines · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The gut microbiota has an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy(HE). Rifaximin, an intestinal non-absorbable antibacterial agent, is effective in the treatment of HE. However, whether long-term prophylactic use induces antibacterial resistance and its mechanism for treating HE remains unclear. This prospective study assessed the impact of 12 weeks rifaximin administration on the gut microbiota and resistome in cirrhotic patients. Fecal sampling was conducted 1 day before the first rifaximin administration and at Weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 of the study. Thirty cirrhotic patients who were in remission from recurrent HE was enrolled to receive rifaximin (400mg TID for 12 weeks). Rifaximin improved hyperammonemia and cognitive function in the 21 patients who completed rifaximin treatment. The dynamic observations showed the gut microbiota diversity, composition and the number of resistance genes, plasmids, insertion sequences did not change significantly during the period(P>0.05). Metabolic pathways such as aromatic amino acids, tryptophan synthesis, urea cycle, and LPS synthesis reduced. No new antimicrobial resistance genes was emergenced. However, the number of aminoglycosides, rifamycin and phenolic resistance genes increased, whereas tetracycline, fosfomycin and cephamycin decreased (P<0.05). Changes in the abundance of
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.