ArticleTranslational cancer research2020
Higher T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3) expression in cervical cancer is associated with a satisfactory prognosis.
Article in Translational cancer research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- C-5401331 identified as a novel T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) inhibitor to control acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell proliferation.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Article
- The effects of HIV and oncogenic human papillomavirus on the tumor immune microenvironment of penile squamous cell carcinoma.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCervical cancer (CC), which has been increasing in incidence in recent years, is the fourth most common gynecological cancer in the world. Therapy targeting T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3), known as the immune checkpoint, has been rapidly developing as oncotherapy for various carcinomas. However, few studies focus on Tim-3 in CC in terms of patient prognosis. This study demonstrates that higher Tim-3 mRNA levels in CC are associated with a favorable prognosis, which may due to active immune responses in CC.
methodsFirst, the clinical and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data of 287 CC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and was subsequently analyzed. Then, based on the Tim-3 mRNA levels, the patients were divided into groups categorized by high and low expression, and the overall survival (OS) among the patients was determined. Next, the correlation between the expression of Tim-3 and clinicopathological variables was investigated. Finally, the Tim-3 function was carried out using Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed.
resultsIn CC, the median OS of patients with high Tim-3 expression and low Tim-3 expression were 634 and 491 days (P=0.01), respectively. We found that the high expression of Tim-3 was closely associated with smoking history (P=0.012), total number of pregnancies (P=0.002), histological type (P<0.0001), M stage (P=0.036), TNM stage (P<0.0001), papillomavirus (P=0.001), hysterectomy type (P<0.0001) and survival status (P<0.0001). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests suggested that the level of Tim-3 was an independent prognostic factor for CC patients. In addition, GSEA further showed that Tim-3 expression was associated with macrophage differentiation, regulation of monocyte chemotaxis, positive regulation of substrate adhesion dependent cell spreading, negative regulation of interleukin 2 production, regulation of NF kappa-B signaling, STAT cascade, erk1 and erk2 cascade and regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway.
conclusionsA higher expression of Tim-3 was associated with a favorable prognosis, which may due to the activation of immune responses in tumor tissues.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.