ArticleItalian journal of pediatrics2022
Incidence of acute respiratory infections in preschool children in an outpatient setting before and during Covid-19 pandemic in Lombardy Region, Italy.
Article in Italian journal of pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Homeopathic and Conventional Treatments for Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Real-World Cohort Study on Recurrence and Antibiotic Prescriptions.Complementary medicine research · 2025Article
- Neuromodulators in Acute and Chronic Cough in Children: An Update from the Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Emergency Hospitalizations for Acute Respiratory Infections: The Experience of a Paediatric Tertiary Care Hospital in Italy.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Fetal lung growth predicts the risk for early-life respiratory infections and childhood asthma.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2024Article
- Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in early childhood: a newly defined clinical condition.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Observational
- Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Illness in Infants in Low- and Middle-Income Regions During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- A Quality Improvement Initiative to Reduce Unnecessary Screening Chest Radiographs in a Pediatric ICU.Respiratory care · 2023Article
- Leading reasons for antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric respiratory infections: influence of fever in a primary care setting.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2023Observational
- Year 2022: exploring COVID-19 pandemic in children.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2023Review
- Article
- Relapse rate in children with nephrotic syndrome during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Use of inhaled corticosteroids in preschool children and variability among pediatricians: a real-world analysis before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Performance evaluation of Biofire Film Array Respiratory Panel 2.1 for SARS-CoV-2 detection in a pediatric hospital setting.PloS one · 2023Article
- Viruses responsible for acute respiratory infections before (2016-2019) and during (2021) circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in pediatric patients in a reference center at Barranquilla Colombia: A pattern analysis.Journal of medical virology · 2023Observational
- Infodemiology of RSV in Italy (2017-2022): An Alternative Option for the Surveillance of Incident Cases in Pediatric Age?Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Editorial: Insights in pediatric pulmonology 2021.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe incidence of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in children is difficult to estimate because they are typically treated in outpatient settings and the majority of epidemiological data originate from hospital settings and refer to the most severe illnesses. Therefore, the incidence of ARTIs in a real-world setting remains largely unexplored. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the incidence of ARTIs, upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children aged 0-5 years in an outpatient setting.
methodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted in Lombardy, Italy, from October 1st, 2019, to March 31st, 2021, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic that began in March 2020. Caucasian healthy children aged 0-5 years were recruited from 69 Family Pediatricians (FP) and followed-up in an outpatient setting. Data were collected whenever a child was referred to FP and ARTI was diagnosed (Covid-19 related ARTI were excluded). The primary outcome was an estimate of the incidence of ARTIs. The incidence of ARTIs in different age groups and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of ARTIs were secondary outcomes.
resultsWe enrolled 484 children, 249 male (51.8%), mean age of 2.39 ± 1.68 years. The mean estimated incidence of ARTIs was 12.1/100 children × 30 days (95% CIs: 9.5-12.9), with the highest value observed in infants aged 1-12 months (24.9/100 children × 30 days; 95% CIs: 17.6-28.9). The mean estimated incidence of URTIs was higher than that of LRTIs (8.3 - CIs: 7.6-8.9 vs 3.8/100 children × 30 days - CIs: 6.4-4.3, respectively). The comparison of ARTIs, which occurred in the pre-pandemic winter, to those measured during the COVID-19 pandemic, revealed an impressive 82.1% drop in the incidence rate (CIs: 77.8-85.7).
conclusionsThis study showed that infants aged 1-12 months are more likely to develop ARTIs than older children and that COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically altered the epidemiology of ARTIs in children aged 0-5 years.
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