SynthesisWomen's health (London, England)
High parity is associated with increased risk of cervical cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies.
Synthesis in Women's health (London, England). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Study To Compare The Efficacy Of Cervical Cytology With Molecular Screening In The Detection Of Reactive Cellular Changes In The Cervix In An Open Population
Study To Compare The Efficacy Of Cervical Cytology With Molecular Screening For Detecting Reactive Cellular Changes In The Cervix In An Open Population
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cervical cancer screening uptake in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- A dose-response meta-analysis of the relationship between number of pregnancies and risk of gynecological cancers.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Cholecalciferol Supplementation on Radiotherapy Outcomes in Advanced Cervical Cancer.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Trial
- Comparing visual inspection with acetic acid, with and without Lugol's Iodine for triage of HPV self-sample positive women in Ethiopia: a randomized controlled trial.International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society · 2024Trial
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Uptake of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Female Students and Staff at a Tertiary Institution in Northern Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Assisted Reproductive Technology in Breast and Gynecologic Malignancies: Cancer Risk, Fertility Preservation, and Post-Treatment Reproductive Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Increased cervical cancer incidence in the target age of screening-Variation by mode of detection.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Patriarchal norms and reproductive vulnerability: association between son preference and high-risk fertility behaviour in India.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Review
- Cervical Cancer Screening Prevalence and Predictors Among Women Aged 25-49 Years in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Article
- HPV detection in first void urine and cervicovaginal samples: comparative study and analysis of associated factors in women from tunja, colombia.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Determinants of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in Lesotho using nationally representative 2023/24 DHS data.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening among Ever-Married Women in Jordan: Insights from the 2023 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Menstrual, reproductive, and contraceptive factors associated with cervical cancer in women aged ≤35 years: an individually matched case-control study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Primary HPV Infection in Postmenopausal Women: A Cohort Study to Enable Risk-Stratified Management.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Integrating active surveillance and HPV vaccination for high-risk CIN2: a strategy to reduce disease progression.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Prognostic value of combining nutritional inflammatory index trajectories and tumor characteristics in cervical cancer.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women. High parity has long been suspected with an increased risk of cervical cancer. Evidence from the existing epidemiological studies regarding the association between parity and cervical cancer is variable and inconsistent. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize the best available evidence on the epidemiological association between parity and cervical cancer.
methodsCase-control studies reporting the association between parity and cervical cancer were systematically searched in databases like MEDLINE/PubMed, HINARI, Google scholar, Science direct, and Cochrane Libraries. All studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria and published between 2000 and 7 March 2020 were included in this meta-analysis. This study reported according to PRISMA guideline. Cochran's
resultsA total of 6685 participants (3227 patients and 3458 controls) were incorporated in the 12 studies included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that women with high parity had 2.65 times higher odds of developing cervical cancer compared to their counterparts (odds ratio = 2.65, 95% confidence interval = 2.08-3.38).
conclusionHigh parity is positively associated with cervical cancer. Strong epidemiological studies are recommended to further explore the mechanisms and role of parity in the causation of cervical cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.