ArticlePloS one2022
Combination of Xpert® MTB/RIF and DetermineTM TB-LAM Ag improves the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis at Jimma University Medical Center, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin-resistance strains using GeneXpert-MTB/RIF assay in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Magnitude of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and its associated factors among TB suspected patients at Wolkite University specialized hospital in central Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Test agreement between GeneXpert and urine lipoarabinomannan test for tuberculosis diagnosis among children in Ethiopia.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- The value of LAM and LprG in extracellular vesicles in the diagnostic and therapeutic field of renal tuberculosis.Frontiers in tuberculosis · 2025Review
- Implementation of the advanced HIV disease package of care using a public health approach: lessons from Nigeria.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- The diagnostic potential of urine in paediatric patients undergoing initial treatment for tuberculous meningitis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evolution of Laboratory Diagnosis of Tuberculosis.Clinics and practice · 2024Review
- Clinical and Imaging Characteristics of Smear Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Comparative Study.Pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Nutritional status and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis in Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital, a five -year retrospective study.PloS one · 2024Article
- The Efficiency of TB LAM Antigen Test to Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra Test for the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pericarditis Using Pericardial Fluid Samples.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- HIV sero-status of healthcare workers in Addis Ababa public hospitals post exposure to infected blood and body fluids: A cross-sectional study, October 2022.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- HIV Sero-Status of Health Care Workers in Addis Ababa Public Hospitals After Post-Exposure Blood and Body Fluids: A Cross-Sectional Study, October 2022.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2023Article
- Comparative genomics of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Ecuador.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Subacute Cardiac Tamponade Due to Tuberculous Pericarditis Diagnosed by Urine Lipoarabinomannan Assay in a Immunocompetent Patient in Oyam District, Uganda: A Case Report.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
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5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEthiopia is one of the high burden countries for extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB); however, the prompt diagnosis of EPTB remains challenging. This study is aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and DetermineTM TB-LAM Ag (TB-LAM) for the prompt diagnosis of EPTB in Ethiopia.
methodsA total of 147 presumptive EPTB patients, including 23 HIV- positive participants were enrolled. Extra-pulmonary samples were collected from all presumptive EPTB cases and tested for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) using fluorescent microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF, and culture. Additionally, urine samples were also collected from 126 participants and were tested by DetermineTM TB-LAM Ag (Alere Inc, Waltham, USA). The Sensitivity and specificity of Xpert and TB- LAM tests were calculated by comparing with a composite reference standard (CRS), which comprises smear microscopy, culture and response to empirical anti-TB treatment.
resultsOf 147 patients, 23 (15.6%) were confirmed EPTB cases (culture-positive), 14 (9.5%) were probable EPTB (clinically, radiologically or cytologically positive and received anti-TB treatment with good response), and 110 (74.8%) were classified as "non- TB" cases. Compared to the composite reference standard (CRS), the overall sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF were 43.2% and 100%, respectively with the highest sensitivity for Lymph node aspirate (85.7%) and lower sensitivity for pleural fluid (14.3%) and 100% specificity for all specimen types. The sensitivity and specificity of TB-LAM were 33.3% and 94.4% respectively with the highest sensitivity for HIV co-infected participants (83.3%). The sensitivity of the combination of Xpert MTB/RIF and TB-LAM tests regardless of HIV status was 61.1% whereas the sensitivity was improved to 83.3% for HIV-positive cases.
conclusionTB-LAM alone has low sensitivity for EPTB diagnosis; however, the combination of TB-LAM and Xpert MTB/RIF improves the diagnosis of EPTB particularly for countries with high EPTB and HIV cases.
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