Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35113886›Full record

ArticlePloS one2022

Help seeking behavior by women experiencing intimate partner violence in india: A machine learning approach to identifying risk factors.

Nabamallika Dehingia, Arnab K Dey, Lotus McDougal, Julian McAuley, Abhishek Singh, Anita Raj

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Police-reported family violence: are there differences amongst South Asian Australians and Australian-born Australians?Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law · 2025
    Article
  7. AI's ongoing impact: Implications of AI's effects on health equity for women's healthcare providers.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Nabamallika DehingiaCenter on Gender Equity and Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-1787-9050
Arnab K DeyCenter on Gender Equity and Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Lotus McDougalCenter on Gender Equity and Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-3002-0489
Julian McAuleyDepartment of Computer Science, School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America.
Abhishek SinghInternational Institute of Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.ORCID 0000-0001-6263-4410
Anita RajCenter on Gender Equity and Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America.
University of California San Diego · USSan Diego State University · USInternational Institute for Population Sciences · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite the low prevalence of help-seeking behavior among victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) in India, quantitative evidence on risk factors, is limited. We use a previously validated exploratory approach, to examine correlates of help-seeking from anyone (e.g. family, friends, police, doctor etc.), as well as help-seeking from any formal sources.

methodsWe used data from a nationally-representative health survey conducted in 2015-16 in India, and included all variables in the dataset (~6000 variables) as independent variables. Two machine learning (ML) models were used- L-1, and L-2 regularized logistic regression models. The results from these models were qualitatively coded by researchers to identify broad themes associated with help-seeking behavior. This process of implementing ML models followed by qualitative coding was repeated until pre-specified criteria were met.

resultsIdentified themes associated with help-seeking behavior included experience of injury from violence, husband's controlling behavior, husband's consumption of alcohol, and being currently separated from husband. Themes related to women's access to social and economic resources, such as women's employment, and receipt of maternal and reproductive health services were also noted to be related factors. We observed similarity in correlates for seeking help from anyone, vs from formal sources, with a greater focus on women being separated for help-seeking from formal sources.

conclusionFindings highlight the need for community programs to reach out to women trapped in abusive relationships, as well as the importance of women's social and economic connectedness; future work should consider holistic interventions that integrate IPV screening and support services with women's health related services.

Indexed as

Help-Seeking BehaviorIntimate Partner ViolenceMachine LearningAdolescentAdultFemaleHealth SurveysHumansIndiaMiddle AgedRisk FactorsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID35113886
PMCPMC8813002
OpenAlexW4210268680

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.