ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2022
Self-Rated Physical Health Among Working-Aged Adults Along the Rural-Urban Continuum - United States, 2021.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations between natural area availability and morbidity: a cross-sectional study using health insurance billing data from Germany.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and social determinants of health among individuals with cancer: association with healthcare utilization and outcomes in the All of Us Research Program.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Double vulnerability? Examining the effect of living in nonmetropolitan areas within non-expansion Medicaid states on health status among working-age adults in the United States, 2022-2024.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Gender differences in factors associated with rural health care practice in Minnesota.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
- A Measure of Nutrition Security Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Dataset.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Well-being inequities in eleven rural Georgia communities: A latent profile analysis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Self-Reported Diagnosed Diabetes Among Adults, by County Metropolitan Status and Region, United States, 2019-2022.Preventing chronic disease · 2024Article
- Impact of Chronic Disease Self-Management Program on the Self-Perceived Health of People in Areas of Social Vulnerability in Asturias, Spain.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Measurement Invariance of Scores on the Somatic Symptom Scale-8: National Sample of Non-Clinical Adults in the United States.Measurement and evaluation in counseling and development : the official publication of the Association for Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development · 2024Article
- Age differences in Allostatic Load among adults in the United States by rural-urban residence.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- A qualitative study of ecological and motivational factors to inform weight management interventions for Black men in the rural South of the United States.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
- Satisfaction, Stress, and Turnover: Comparing U.S. Intensivist Physicians Before and During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic.Critical care explorations · 2023Article
- Rural-urban disparities in health outcomes, clinical care, health behaviors, and social determinants of health and an action-oriented, dynamic tool for visualizing them.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Rural-Urban disparities in self-reported physical/mental multimorbidity: A cross-sectional study of self-reported mental health and physical health among working age adults in the U.S.Journal of multimorbidity and comorbidityArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Poor self-rated physical health is strongly associated with morbidity and premature mortality (1,2). Studies that are now a decade old report worse self-rated health among rural than among urban residents (3,4). Whether the rural disadvantage persists in 2021 is uncertain and the contributing factors to contemporary rural-urban variations in self-rated health are not known. Rural America is diverse by population size and adjacency to metropolitan areas, and rural populations vary demographically and socioeconomically. This analysis used data from the National Well-being Survey (NWS), a national sample of approximately 4,000 U.S. working-aged adults conducted during February and March 2021 to examine differences in self-rated physical health among residents of large urban; medium/small urban; metro-adjacent rural; and remote rural counties. Residents of medium/small urban, metro-adjacent rural, and remote rural counties had significantly higher probabilities of reporting fair/poor self-rated physical health than their large urban county peers. There were no significant differences by sex or race/ethnicity in self-rated physical health. Individual-level socioeconomic resources (including higher educational attainment, higher household income, and higher probability of employment) contributed to the advantage among residents of large urban counties. Although there is no single solution to reducing rural-urban health disparities, these findings suggest that reducing socioeconomic disparities is essential.
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