ArticleScience immunology2022
Divergent SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-reactive T and B cell responses in COVID-19 vaccine recipients.
Article in Science immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 286 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
286 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 436 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in real-world: a literature review and meta-analysis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Pooled it
- Phase 2/3 study evaluating safety, immunogenicity, and noninferiority of single booster dose of AVX/COVID-12 vaccine.Science advances · 2025Trial
- Original COVID-19 priming regimen impacts the immunogenicity of bivalent BA.1 and BA.5 boosters.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Role of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells promoting immune protection after booster vaccination in solid organ transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Strong CD4+ T-Cell Responses to Ancestral and Variant Spike Proteins Are Established by NVX-CoV2373 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Primary Vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Immunogenicity of bivalent omicron (BA.1) booster vaccination after different priming regimens in health-care workers in the Netherlands (SWITCH ON): results from the direct boost group of an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Alternative strategies to increase the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in kidney transplant recipients not responding to two or three doses of an mRNA vaccine (RECOVAC): a randomised clinical trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Antibody and T-Cell Responses 6 Months After Coronavirus Disease 2019 Messenger RNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease, on Dialysis, or Living With a Kidney Transplant.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Durability and cross-reactivity of immune responses induced by a plant-based virus-like particle vaccine for COVID-19.Nature communications · 2022Trial
- Broad cross-T cell immunity between emerging SARS-CoV-2 serotypes waved by spike-signature mutations.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Adapted Live SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Elicits Rapid Mucosal Immunity, Protects From Disease, and Reduces Shedding of XBB.1.5.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Capturing SARS-CoV-2 immune landscapes to inform future strategies for COVID-19 vaccination in a high-income setting: a mathematical modelling study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- COVID-19 boosters restore virus-specific immune responses in kidney transplant recipients unresponsive to primary vaccination.Npj viruses · 2026Article
- Humoral and cellular immune response after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with sickle cell disease on hydroxyurea.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Immune dysregulation triggered by inflammatory cytokines in patients with severe respiratory infections.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Broad and robust T cell immunity compensates the population immune barrier against antibody-escaping Omicron variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The genetic basis of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in the Italian municipality of Vo'.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Combining Activation-Induced Markers With PD-L1 Selectively Enhances Detection of Antigen-Specific T Cells in Virus-Infected Individuals.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Resistance potential of the HLA-A2-restricted immunodominant SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8Nature communications · 2025Article
- Delayed Cellular Immunity in SARS-CoV-2 Antibody-Non-Responders to COVID-19 Vaccination: Rethinking Post-Vaccine Immune Assessment.Vaccines · 2025Article
226 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant is spreading rapidly, even in vaccinated individuals, raising concerns about immune escape. Here, we studied neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses targeting SARS-CoV-2 D614G [wild type (WT)] and the Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants of concern in a cohort of 60 health care workers after immunization with ChAdOx-1 S, Ad26.COV2.S, mRNA-1273, or BNT162b2. High binding antibody levels against WT SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) were detected 28 days after vaccination with both mRNA vaccines (mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2), which substantially decreased after 6 months. In contrast, antibody levels were lower after Ad26.COV2.S vaccination but did not wane. Neutralization assays showed consistent cross-neutralization of the Beta and Delta variants, but neutralization of Omicron was significantly lower or absent. BNT162b2 booster vaccination after either two mRNA-1273 immunizations or Ad26.COV2 priming partially restored neutralization of the Omicron variant, but responses were still up to 17-fold decreased compared with WT. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detected up to 6 months after all vaccination regimens, with more consistent detection of specific CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.