ArticleTranslational vision science & technology2022
Validation of the Symptom Questionnaire for Visual Dysfunctions (SQVD): A Questionnaire to Evaluate Symptoms of any Type of Visual Dysfunctions.
Article in Translational vision science & technology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- When Cronbach's Alpha Is Not Enough: Implications for the Clinical Use of Vision-Related Patient-Reported Outcomes.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Criteria for Convergence Excess: Diagnostic Validity of Clinical Signs Associated with Near Esophoria.Journal of eye movement research · 2026Article
- Normative Data for Non-Strabismic Binocular Vision Parameters in a Nepalese Young Adults.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Analyzing display photometric features through time-dependent dynamics of accommodative responses and ocular imaging quality.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Is the convergence insufficiency symptom survey applicable to elderly individuals?BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- The Refractive Cataract Surgery Survey (RCSS): A Validated Questionnaire for Quick Clinical Use.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Effects of colour and scene dynamism on visual fatigue in animated films.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Development and Validation of the Life for Low Vision Questionnaire (LIFE4LVQ) Using Rasch Analysis: A Questionnaire Evaluating Ability and Independence.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Evaluation and application of a Chinese version symptom questionnaire for visual dysfunctions (CSQVD) in school-age children.Advances in ophthalmology practice and researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo assess psychometric properties of the Symptom Questionnaire for Visual Dysfunctions (SQVD) questionnaire, including accuracy, validity, and reliability, in a clinical sample of patients having any type of visual dysfunction.
methodsA clinical sample of 306 patients self-administered the SQVD. Rasch analysis was performed to analyze the functionality of the response categories, fit statistics, differential item functioning (DIF), person and item reliability, targeting, local dependency, unidimensionality, and transformation table. Accuracy was assessed by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, using symptoms reported in each patient's clinical record as the gold standard for classifying patients with and without symptoms. The concurrent validity, known group validity, and test-retest reliability (repeatability, using the intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]) were also examined.
resultsSQVD showed orderly category responses. The 14 items fit the Rasch model without significant DIF for gender, presbyopia, and dysfunctions. Person and item reliabilities were 0.81 and 0.85, respectively. Targeting was -1.49 logits. Yen's Q3 statistic showed no local dependency. SQVD was unidimensional (first contrast of the residual = 1.852 eigenvalue with a variance explained by measures of 52.23%). The area under the ROC curve was 0.836 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.792-0.879) with a cutoff of ≥6 showing good accuracy (sensitivity = 0.759; specificity = 0.783). SQVD showed good concurrent and known group validity and high repeatability (ICC, 0.857; 95% CI, 0.710-0.933) when administered twice 1 week apart.
conclusionsSQVD has shown good psychometric properties. It can be considered an accurate, valid, and reliable questionnaire to detect visual symptoms related to any type of refractive, accommodative, and binocular dysfunction. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE: SQVD may be used for diagnostic purposes, as it can accurately detect symptoms related to any sort of visual dysfunction. It may also be useful to monitor the treatment outcomes of these conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.