ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2022
Understanding the inter-relationships of type 2 diabetes and hypertension with brain and cognitive health: A UK Biobank study.
Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shared genetic and molecular architecture between insulin resistance and cognitive performance.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Diabetes and Hypertension at Midlife Predict Increases in Biomarkers of Dementia Among Black Americans.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Hypergraph clustering for analyzing chronic disease patterns in mild cognitive impairment reversion and progression.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between cerebral lesions and the severity of diabetic cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, and nephropathy-new lessons to learn from neuroimaging.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Review
- Effects of obesity on aging brain and cognitive decline: A cohort study from the UK Biobank.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence of cognitive impairment and its associated factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hypertension in Hunan, China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Metabolism and memory: α-synuclein level in children with obesity and children with type 1 diabetes; relation to glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity and executive functions.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Article
- Understanding the inter-relationships of type 2 diabetes and hypertension with brain and cognitive health: A UK Biobank study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrigendum.2022
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo understand the impact of diabetes and co-morbid hypertension on cognitive and brain health. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe used data from the UK Biobank cohort consisting of ~500 000 individuals aged 40 to 69 years. Our outcomes included brain structural magnetic resonance imaging variables and cognitive function tests in a maximum of 38 918 individuals. We firstly tested associations with all outcomes between those with diabetes (n = 2043) and without (n = 36 875) and, secondly, compared those with co-morbid diabetes/hypertension (n = 1283) with those with only diabetes (n = 760), hypertension (n = 9649) and neither disease (n = 27 226). Our analytical approach comprised linear regression models, with adjustment for a range of demographic and health factors. Standardized betas are reported.
resultsThose with diabetes had worse brain and cognitive health for the majority of neuroimaging and cognitive measures, with the exception of g fractional anisotropy (white matter integrity), amygdala, pairs matching and tower rearranging. Compared with individuals with co-morbid diabetes and hypertension, those with only hypertension had better brain health overall, with the largest difference observed in the pallidum (β = .189, 95% CI = 0.241; 0.137), while those with only diabetes differed in total grey volume (β = .150, 95% CI = 0.122; 0.179). Individuals with only diabetes had better verbal and numeric reasoning (β = .129, 95% CI = 0.077; 0.261), whereas those with only hypertension performed better on the symbol-digit substitution task (β = .117, 95% CI = 0.048; 0.186).
conclusionsIndividuals with co-morbid diabetes and hypertension have worse brain and cognitive health compared with those with only one of these diseases. These findings potentially suggest that prevention of both diabetes and hypertension may delay changes in brain structure, as well as cognitive decline and dementia diagnosis.
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