Observational studyEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2023
Hair androgen concentrations and depressive disorders in adolescents from the general population.
Observational study in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of long-term hair steroids as diagnostic and intervention-related biomarkers in a multimorbid inpatient sample with posttraumatic stress disorder.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Trial
- Exploring the impact of androgen levels on depression and anxiety in adolescent females: a clinical perspective.Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM · 2025Article
- Impact of Sex and Salivary Dehydroepiandrosterone on the Association Between Testosterone and Emotion Dysregulation.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the relationship between depression and Alzheimer's disease-mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Review
- Effect of cosmetic hair treatment and natural hair colour on hair testosterone concentrations.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although the link between androgens and depression is well established in adults, the effects of cofactors on this association are less clearly understood, particularly in youth. Epidemiological cohort study of adolescents in Dresden, Germany. Analyses comprised data of 985 individuals assessed at baseline and of 512 individuals at 1-year follow-up. We investigated multivariable regression models for cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of hair testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and their cortisol ratios with 12-month diagnoses of major depressive disorder (MDD) and MDD without any anxiety disorder assessed with standardized diagnostic interview (DIA-X-5), and with dimensional depression scores (PHQ-9, PROMIS), separately for males and females. The potential moderating effect of social support was determined. Cross-sectional analyses yielded inverse associations of testosterone and DHEA with MDD and MDD without any anxiety disorders in males. In cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, baseline ratio cortisol/DHEA was significantly, inversely associated to PROMIS-depression in males. Only cross-sectional associations for ratio cortisol/DHEA and PROMIS-depression remained significant after Bonferroni-Holm correction. No robust associations were observed in female participants. Social support exerted no consistent moderating effect on the investigated association. The present observational cohort study showed no consistent association of hair androgen concentrations with depressive disorders in adolescents. However, findings provide some support for the association between the cortisol/DHEA ratio and depression in males. Longitudinal research designs in large samples are needed to understand the interplay between androgens, depression, and developmental and social factors in youth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.