ArticleEClinicalMedicine2022
Non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia due to vaccine serotypes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Serotype distribution of invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal disease in adults ≥65 years of age following the introduction of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infant national immunization programs: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- PCV20 for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease in the Mexican pediatric population: A cost-effectiveness analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Burden of Pneumococcal Disease and Adult Vaccination Landscape: An Overview with Data and Policy Insights from Türkiye.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2025Review
- Global distribution and characteristics of pneumococcal serotypes in adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Pneumococcal carriage and disease in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia in Mongolia: prospective pneumonia surveillance program (2019-2022).Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Incidence of Invasive and Noninvasive Pneumococcal Pneumonia Hospitalizations in People Aged ≥50 Years: Assessing Variability Across Denmark and Spain.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Hospital Burden of All-Cause Pneumonia and Nonbacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Adults in France Between 2013 and 2019.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Diabetes Mellitus and Pneumococcal Pneumonia.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Pneumococcal serotypes and risk factors in adult community-acquired pneumonia 2018-20; a multicentre UK cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Article
- Pneumococcal Serotype Evolution and Burden in European Adults in the Last Decade: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Challenges in the Vaccination of the Elderly and Strategies for Improvement.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2023Review
- Burden of Hospitalizations Related to Pneumococcal Infection in Spain (2016-2020).Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Adult non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia in Portugal is dominated by serotype 3 and non-PCV13 serotypes 3-years after near universal PCV13 use in children.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- A Multicenter Evaluation of Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance AmongOpen forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- The Association Between Antihypertensive Drug Use and Hospitalization for Pneumonia in the General Population: A Case-Crossover Study Using the National Health Insurance Database of Korea.Journal of Korean medical science · 2022Article
- Changes in serotype prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Southampton, UK between 2006 and 2018.Scientific reports · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia causes significant morbidity and mortality in older adults. Understanding pneumococcal sero-epidemiology in adults ≥50 years is necessary to inform vaccination policies and the updating of pneumococcal vaccines.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis to determine the proportion of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in people ≥50 years due to pneumococcus and the proportion caused by pneumococcal vaccine serotypes. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed from 1 January 1990 to 30 March 2021. Heterogeneity was explored by subgroup analysis according to a) patient group (stratified versus age) and depth of testing, b) detection/serotyping method, and c) continent. The protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020192002).
findingsTwenty-eight studies were included (34,216 patients). In the period 1-5 years after introduction of childhood PCV10/13 immunisation, 18% of CAP cases (95% CI 13-24%) were attributable to pneumococcus, with 49% (43-54%) of pneumococcal CAP due to PCV13 serotypes. The estimated proportion of pneumococcal CAP was highest in one study that used 24-valent serotype-specific urinary-antigen detection (ss-UAD)(30% [28-31%]), followed by studies based on diagnostic serology (28% [24-33%]), PCR (26% [15-37%]), ss-UAD14 (17% [13-22%]), and culture alone (14% [10-19%]). A higher estimate was observed in Europe (26% [21-30%] than North America (11% [9-12%](
interpretationNon-invasive pneumococcal CAP and vaccine-type pneumococcal CAP remains a burden in older adults despite widespread introduction of pneumococcal infant immunisation. Studies heavily reliant on ss-UADs restricted to vaccine-type serotypes may overestimate the proportion of potentially vaccine-preventable pneumococcal pneumonia. Sero-epidemiological data from low-income countries are lacking.
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