ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2021
Intestinal Epithelial Cell Exosome Launches IL-1β-Mediated Neuron Injury in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of RNA-seq Data Identifies Involvement of Interferon-Induced Genes to Facilitate Blood-Brain Barrier Traversal of Neuroinvasive Pathogens.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Pooled it
- Microparticles Expressing IL-1β Are Linked to Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Decline After Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Hippocampal cytopathology orchestrates post-septic cognitive dysfunction.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Research Advances in the Pathogenesis of Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis in sepsis and sepsis-associated organ injury: mechanisms, gut-organ axes, and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Is Essential for Intestinal Cell Niche and Digestive Function.Biology · 2025Article
- Intestinal epithelium cells-derived extracellular vesicles: A new mediator of intestinal information transmission.Chinese medical journal · 2025Article
- Intestinal Epithelial-Derived Exosomes Under Cold Stimulation Promote Adipose Thermogenesis.Metabolites · 2025Article
- The unexplored potential of exosomes in the muscle-brain axis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Treatments update.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Intestinal microenvironment dynamics and Sepsis-associated encephalopathy pathophysiology: insights from multi-omics profiling.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- The Ambiguous Role of HMGB1 Across the Hallmarks of Aging: A Narrative Review.Clinical interventions in aging · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota and sepsis-associated encephalopathy: pathogenesis and precision therapies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- The microbiota-gut-brain axis and central nervous system diseases: from mechanisms of pathogenesis to therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Imperative role of adaptor proteins in macrophage toll-like receptor signaling pathways.Future science OA · 2024Review
- Exosomes: A Cellular Communication Medium That Has Multiple Effects On Brain Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Neuroinflammation in Intercellular and Inter-Organ Crosstalk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- MSC-derived exosomal miR-140-3p improves cognitive dysfunction in sepsis-associated encephalopathy by HMGB1 and S-lactoylglutathione metabolism.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Exosomes as a therapeutic tool to promote neurorestoration and cognitive function in neurological conditions: Achieve two ends with a single effort.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: A Crucial Player in the Intestinal Microenvironment and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGut-microbiota-brain axis links the relationship between intestinal microbiota and sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). However, the key mediators between them remain unclear.
methodsMemory test was determined by Water maze. Intestinal flora was measured by 16S RNA sequencing. Neurotransmitter was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Histopathology was determined by H&E, immunofluorescence (IF), and terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Flow cytometry was employed to determine the proportion of macrophages.
resultsFecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) relieved hippocampus impairment of SAE rats by inhibiting inflammation cytokine secretion, the expression of IBA-1 and neurotransmitter disturbance, and cell apoptosis and autophagy, accompanied by the reduced M1 polarization and M1 pro-inflammation factors produced by macrophages in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). Actually, M1 polarization in SAE rats depended on intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-derived exosome. GW4869-initiated inhibition of exosome secretion notably abolished M1 polarization and the secretion of IL-1β. However, GW4869-mediated improvement of hippocampus impairment was counteracted by the delivery of recombinant interleukin (IL)-1β to hippocampus. Mechanistically, IEC-derived exosome induced the excessive circulating IL-1β produced by CP-R048 macrophages, which subsequently induced damage and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons H19-7 in an autophagy-dependent manner. And reactivation of autophagy facilitates intestinal IL-1β-mediated hippocampal neuron injury.
conclusionCollectively, intestinal flora disturbance induced the exosome release of IECs, which subsequently caused M1 polarization in MLNs and the accumulation of circulating IL-1β. Circulating IL-1β promoted the damage and apoptosis of neurons in an autophagy-dependent manner. Possibly, targeting intestinal flora or IEC-derived exosome contributes to the treatment of SAE.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.