ArticleWorld journal of psychiatry2022
Neurobiological mechanisms underlying delayed expression of posttraumatic stress disorder: A scoping review.
Article in World journal of psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Effectiveness of Debriefing on the Mental Health of Rescue Teams: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Detransition, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Moral Injury.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Atherosclerosis: Co-Phenomena, or Cause-and-Effect?Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Childhood adversity moderates the association between serum cortisol and earlier-onset posttraumatic stress disorder.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- Golden window of intervention in PTSD: a synthesis of preclinical evidence.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Post-traumatic stress disorder.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis attenuation following child sexual abuse distinguishes posttraumatic stress trajectories from late adolescence to midlife.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Functional loss of PKMζ in the dorsal hippocampus potentiates the time-dependent increase in false contextual fear memory and impairs spatial recognition memory in mice.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Whole-brain cFos mapping reveals the paraventricular thalamus as a key node for stress-enhanced fear learning.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- A qualitative study on the delayed manifestation of night shift-related intrusive memories in non-shift nurses with a history of night shift work.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- PTSD course and predictors in a 15 year longitudinal cohort following suspected serious injury.Npj mental health research · 2025Article
- Investigating the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis as a predictor of posttraumatic stress disorder in Black Americans and the moderating effects of racial discrimination.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- [Trauma and memory-A contribution to the current debate in law and psychotherapy].Der Nervenarzt · 2024Review
- Effects of Low-Level Blast on Neurovascular Health and Cerebral Blood Flow: Current Findings and Future Opportunities in Neuroimaging.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
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3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe capacity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to occur with delayed onset has been documented in several systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Neurobiological models of PTSD may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the progressive increase in PTSD symptoms over time as well as into occasional occurrences of long-delayed PTSD with few prodromal symptoms.
aimTo obtain an overview of key concepts explaining and types of evidence supporting neurobiological underpinnings of delayed PTSD.
methodsA scoping review of studies reporting neurobiological findings relevant to delayed PTSD was performed, which included 38 studies in the qualitative synthesis.
resultsNeurobiological mechanisms underlying PTSD symptoms, onset, and course involve several interconnected systems. Neural mechanisms involve the neurocircuitry of fear, comprising several structures, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex, that are amenable to time-dependent increases in activity through sensitization and kindling. Neural network models explain generalization of the fear response. Neuroendocrine mechanisms consist of autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis responses, both of which may be involved in sensitization to stress. Neuroinflammatory mechanisms are characterized by immune activation, which is sometimes due to the effects of traumatic brain injury. Finally, neurobehavioral/contextual mechanisms involve the effects of intervening stressors and mental and physical disorder comorbidities, and these may be particularly relevant in cases of long-delayed PTSD.
conclusionThus, delayed PTSD may result from multiple underlying neurobiological mechanisms that may influence the likelihood of developing prodromal symptoms preceding the onset of full-blown PTSD.
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