Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35110343›Full record

ArticleSaudi medical journal2022

Emphasizing the link between blood types in multi-ethnic disparities and COVID-19 infection in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Wesam A Nasif, Abeer S E Ali, Asim A Khogeer, Mohammed H Mukhtar, Mohamed M NourEldein, Ahmed Y Shebly, Shmukh H Alqahtani, Yahya A Alnashri, Ghidaa E Khouj, Ziyad I Gadah and 1 more

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Article in Saudi medical journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Wesam A NasifFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Abeer S E AliFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Asim A KhogeerFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed H MukhtarFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed M NourEldeinFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed Y SheblyFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Shmukh H AlqahtaniFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Yahya A AlnashriFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ghidaa E KhoujFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ziyad I GadahFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Mohammad A AlthubitiFrom Biochemistry Department (Nasif, Mukhtar, Nour Eldein, Althubiti), From Pathology Department (Ali), from the College of Medicine (Alqahtani, Alnashri, Khouj, Gadah), Umm Al-Qura University; From Plan and Research Department (Khogeer), General Directorate of Health Affairs Makkah Region, Ministry of Health; From Ajyad Emergency Hospital (Shebly), Ministry of Health, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Health Affairs · USMinistry of Health of the Russian Federation · RUDirectorate of Health · ISUmm al-Qura University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo analyze the impact and distribution of blood groups in different ethnicities and the extent of susceptibility to infection with COVID-19 in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

methodsA retrospective study was performed on 4,609 COVID-19 patients from five ethnic groups to assess the impact and distribution of different blood types and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. The study was carried out between November 2020 and June 2021 in the College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University in collaboration with the General Directorate of Health Affairs, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

resultsBlood group (A, B, and O) distributions in 2,617 COVID-19 patients with local control populations was done. Our study found that in both Saudi and non-Saudi populations, blood groups O and A were associated with higher infection rates, whereas blood group AB was associated with lower infection rates (

conclusionWe emphasize that COVID-19 infection is not proportional among ethnically related blood groups. Notably, RhD-negative protect against COVID-19, whereas A and O blood types are more susceptible. Thus, when assessing COVID-19 prognosis and vaccination priority, blood groups A and O are critical.

Indexed as

Blood Group AntigensCOVID-19EthnicityHumansRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Saudi ArabiaBlood Group AntigensABO blood groupCOVID-19ethnicityprevalenceRhDrisk

Identifiers

PMID35110343
PMCPMC9127910
OpenAlexW4210507002

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.