ArticleThe New phytologist2022
The stem rust effector protein AvrSr50 escapes Sr50 recognition by a substitution in a single surface-exposed residue.
Article in The New phytologist, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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30 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- No Cost of Resistance in Wheat Gene Stack Lines Containing 10 Stem Rust Resistance Transgenes.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Virulence gains in the Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici PstS10 lineage correlate with expression polymorphism in a candidate Avr effector.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Allelic variation of Avr genes in highly virulent strains explains severe wheat stem rust epidemics.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Precision Editing of NLRS Improves Effector Recognition for Enhanced Disease Resistance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Wheat Plasma Membrane Receptors: Orchestrating Immunity and Bridging to Crop Improvement.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Long-read genomics reveal extensive nuclear-specific evolution and allele-specific expression in a dikaryotic fungus.Genome research · 2025Article
- The resistance awakens: Diversity at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels informs engineering of plant immune receptors from Arabidopsis to crops.The Plant cell · 2025Review
- Structure-guided insights into the biology of fungal effectors.The New phytologist · 2025Review
- Genomics Research on the Road of Studying Biology and Virulence of Cereal Rust Fungi.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Review
- In silico prediction method for plant Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat- and pathogen effector interactions.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- The Role ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Computational studies reveal structural characterization and novel families of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici effectors.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Resurrection of the Plant Immune Receptor Sr50 to Overcome Pathogen Immune Evasion.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Wheat NLR Protein PM3b Localises to Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites and Interacts With AVRPM3Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Bioengineering a plant NLR immune receptor with a robust binding interface toward a conserved fungal pathogen effector.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Pooled effector library screening in protoplasts rapidly identifies novel Avr genes.Nature plants · 2024Article
- The structural repertoire ofeLife · 2024Article
- Barley MLA3 recognizes the host-specificity effector Pwl2 from Magnaporthe oryzae.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Resistance that stacks up: engineering rust and mildew disease control in the cereal crops wheat and barley.Plant biotechnology journal · 2023Review
- A dominant-negative avirulence effector of the barley powdery mildew fungus provides mechanistic insight into barley MLA immune receptor activation.Journal of experimental botany · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pathogen effectors are crucial players during plant colonisation and infection. Plant resistance mostly relies on effector recognition to activate defence responses. Understanding how effector proteins escape from plant surveillance is important for plant breeding and resistance deployment. Here we examined the role of genetic diversity of the stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt)) AvrSr50 gene in determining recognition by the corresponding wheat Sr50 resistance gene. We solved the crystal structure of a natural variant of AvrSr50 and used site-directed mutagenesis and transient expression assays to dissect the molecular mechanisms explaining gain of virulence. We report that AvrSr50 can escape recognition by Sr50 through different mechanisms including DNA insertion, stop codon loss or by amino-acid variation involving a single substitution of the AvrSr50 surface-exposed residue Q121. We also report structural homology of AvrSr50 to cupin superfamily members and carbohydrate-binding modules indicating a potential role in binding sugar moieties. This study identifies key polymorphic sites present in AvrSr50 alleles from natural stem rust populations that play important roles to escape from Sr50 recognition. This constitutes an important step to better understand Pgt effector evolution and to monitor AvrSr50 variants in natural rust populations.
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