ArticleCurrent developments in nutrition2022
Elevated LDL Cholesterol with a Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet: Evidence for a "Lean Mass Hyper-Responder" Phenotype.
Article in Current developments in nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feasibility and impact of ketogenic dietary interventions in polycystic kidney disease: KETO-ADPKD-a randomized controlled trial.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Trial
- The ketogenic diet is not for everyone: contraindications, side effects, and drug interactions.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Increased LDL-C reduction with ezetimibe in ketogenic diet-induced hypercholesterolemia.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Association between saturated fat intake and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol across the genetic spectrum: Results from the Women's Health Initiative.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Seven Years of 700 Cholesterol Without Coronary Atherosclerosis: A Lean Mass Hyper-Responder Case Report.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Ketogenic Diets and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Adults With Normal Weight: An Emerging Clinical Challenge.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Review
- Metabolic Optimisation in Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Pilot Study on the Safety and Feasibility of a Digitally Supported Perioperative Diet Modification.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Ketogenic dietary interventions for autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD): a systematic review and synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) of observational and interventional studies.Metabolism open · 2026Review
- Carnivore Diet: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence, Potential Benefits and Risks.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Halting cyst progression in ADPKD using long-term ketogenic metabolic therapy and supplementation with exogenous ketones and alkaline citrate-a case series.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Ketogenic metabolic therapy: low-carbohydrate interventions as novel neuroprotective strategies for cognitive dysfunction in diabetes.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- The Impact of Ketogenic Capacity on Lipid Profile in Individuals with Prediabetes or Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Data From the KETO-CTA Study: Plaque Predicts Plaque, ApoB Does Not.JACC. Advances · 2025Article
- Ketone Body Induction: Insights into Metabolic Disease Management.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Persistent hypercholesterolemia due to weight maintenance via a ketogenic diet in anorexia nervosa: A case report.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Perspectives on the ketogenic diet as a non-pharmacological intervention for major depressive disorder.Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy · 2025Review
- A Case Report on the Metabolic Effects of a Very-Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet in a Patient WithDiabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Carbohydrate Restriction-Induced Elevations in LDL-Cholesterol and Atherosclerosis: The KETO Trial.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPeople commencing a carbohydrate-restricted diet (CRD) experience markedly heterogenous responses in LDL cholesterol, ranging from extreme elevations to reductions.
objectivesThe aim was to elucidate possible sources of heterogeneity in LDL cholesterol response to a CRD and thereby identify individuals who may be at risk for LDL cholesterol elevation.
methodsHypothesis-naive analyses were conducted on web survey data from 548 adults consuming a CRD. Univariate and multivariate regression models and regression trees were built to evaluate the interaction between body mass index (BMI) and baseline lipid markers. Data were also collected from a case series of five clinical patients with extremely high LDL cholesterol consuming a CRD.
resultsBMI was inversely associated with LDL cholesterol change. Low triglyceride (TG) to HDL cholesterol ratio, a marker of good metabolic health, predicted larger LDL cholesterol increases. A subgroup of respondents with LDL cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL, HDL cholesterol ≥80 mg/dL, and TG ≤70 mg/dL were characterized as "lean mass hyper-responders." Respondents with this phenotype (
conclusionsThese data suggest that, in contrast to the typical pattern of dyslipidemia, greater LDL cholesterol elevation on a CRD tends to occur in the context of otherwise low cardiometabolic risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.