Observational studyNature communications2022
Self-reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and United Kingdom.
Observational study in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 126 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
126 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 220 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the global prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake in people living with HIV.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- Overcoming COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among ethnic minorities: A systematic review of UK studies.Vaccine · 2022Pooled it
- An effective COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy intervention focused on the relative risks of vaccination and infection.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Vaccine communication: a critical review of foundations, challenges, and future directions.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Vaccine uptake pre- and post-COVID-19 in American adults: a retrospective observational study using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.Korean journal of family medicine · 2026Article
- COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Trust in Local Clinics Predict Perceptions of Vaccine Safety and Vaccination Status.Community health equity research & policy · 2026Article
- Spillover between influenza and COVID-19 vaccination behaviors across pandemic phases and implications for general vaccine hesitancy.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- COVID-Related Discrimination and Health Care Access among a Nationally Representative, Diverse Sample of US Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in COVID-19 Disease Severity Among US Adults in Health Systems Participating in PCORnet®: May 2020-October 2022.Medical care · 2026Article
- Delayed access to COVID-19 vaccination among migrants in Spain during 2021: an electronic health records-based study.Journal of migration and health · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and preference for future delivery among language minority, newcomer, and racialized peoples in Canada: a national cross-sectional and longitudinal study.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Barriers and facilitating factors for COVID-19 vaccination in rural appalachia.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Building Trust: The Perspectives of COVID-19 Vaccination Efforts among African American Community Health Workers in HHS Region 4.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Heterogeneity in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Severity Among Pediatric Inpatients in a National Healthcare Database.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Observational
- Article
- Long-term spatial patterns in COVID-19 booster vaccine uptake.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Racial Disparities in Hesitancy and Utilization of Monoclonal Antibody Infusion Treatment of COVID-19: Lessons for Future Pandemics.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 incidence, seroprevalence, and antibody dynamics in a rural, population-based cohort: March 2020-July 2022.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Ingroup Favoritism Surrounding COVID-19 Vaccinations in the Hispanic Communities: Experimental Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
66 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
- Update of
Authors and funding
26 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Worldwide, racial and ethnic minorities have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 with increased risk of infection, its related complications, and death. In the initial phase of population-based vaccination in the United States (U.S.) and United Kingdom (U.K.), vaccine hesitancy may result in differences in uptake. We performed a cohort study among U.S. and U.K. participants who volunteered to take part in the smartphone-based COVID Symptom Study (March 2020-February 2021) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of vaccine hesitancy and uptake. In the U.S. (n = 87,388), compared to white participants, vaccine hesitancy was greater for Black and Hispanic participants and those reporting more than one or other race. In the U.K. (n = 1,254,294), racial and ethnic minority participants showed similar levels of vaccine hesitancy to the U.S. However, associations between participant race and ethnicity and levels of vaccine uptake were observed to be different in the U.S. and the U.K. studies. Among U.S. participants, vaccine uptake was significantly lower among Black participants, which persisted among participants that self-reported being vaccine-willing. In contrast, statistically significant racial and ethnic disparities in vaccine uptake were not observed in the U.K sample. In this study of self-reported vaccine hesitancy and uptake, lower levels of vaccine uptake in Black participants in the U.S. during the initial vaccine rollout may be attributable to both hesitancy and disparities in access.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.