ArticleBMJ open2022
Association of maternal socioeconomic status and race with risk of congenital heart disease: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial inequities in severe maternal morbidity among Black and White people in Canada: a population-based cohort study, 2012 to 2023.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026Article
- Observed Prevalence and Predictors of Congenital Heart Disease in Infants Conceived via In vitro Fertilization.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Social Inequalities in Infant Mortality Related to Congenital Anomalies: A Population-Based Register Study.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2026Article
- Maternal and neonatal health in Canada's Black communities: A scoping review of epidemiologic studies.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2026Article
- Associations between maternal race, socioeconomic status and shoulder dystocia: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario Canada.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Foetal cortical expansion is associated with neurodevelopmental outcome at 2-years in congenital heart disease: a longitudinal follow-up study.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Maternal mental disorders, psychotropic drugs, socioeconomic status, and offspring congenital anomalies.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
- Associations between mental health conditions in pregnancy and maternal socioeconomic status: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Predictive model for congenital heart disease in children of Pakistan by using structural equation modeling.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024Article
- Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Outcomes for Patients with Adult Congenital Heart Disease.Current cardiology reports · 2024Review
- Untangling the Complex Associations between Socioeconomic and Demographic Characteristics and Prenatal Detection and Outcomes in Congenital Heart Disease.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- Review
- Association between maternal marginalization and infants born with congenital heart disease in Ontario Canada.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Associations of congenital heart disease with deprivation index by rural-urban maternal residence: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Care Pattern for Fontan-Associated Liver Disease by Academic Pediatric Hepatologists in Canada.JPGN reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the interrelationships between maternal socioeconomic status (SES), race and congenital heart diseases (CHD) among infants.
designRetrospective cohort study. STUDY
settingOntario, Canada. STUDY POPULATION: All singleton stillbirths and live births born in hospitals between 1 April 2012 and 31 March 2018 in Ontario, Canada (n=804 292). OUTCOME: CHD. ANALYSIS: Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to assess associations between maternal neighbourhood household income, education level, race and CHD while adjusting for maternal age at birth, assisted reproductive technology, obesity, pre-existing health conditions, substance use during pregnancy, maternal rural residence and infant's sex.
resultsCompared with infants whose mothers lived in the highest median household income neighbourhoods, infants whose mothers lived in the lowest median income neighbourhoods had a higher likelihood of having CHD (adjusted OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.24). Compared with infants whose mothers lived in neighbourhoods with more people with a university or higher degree, those infants whose mothers lived in neighbourhoods with less people with a university or higher degree had a higher chance of developing CHD (adjusted OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.36). Compared with white mothers, black mothers had a higher odds of giving birth to a child with CHD (adjusted OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.54). No association was detected between White and Asian mothers and CHD among infants.
conclusionsOur study indicates that there are inequities in CHD burden by maternal SES and race in Ontario, Canada. Further investigation is needed to examine racial variation in CHD using more detailed ethnic data.
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Registered trials
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