ArticlePLoS medicine2022
Obesity and risk of female reproductive conditions: A Mendelian randomisation study.
Article in PLoS medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT05651568 (Comparison of Periodized Resistance Training and High Intensity Interval Training on Body Mass Index and Quality of in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.), which is not on this map. Cited by 137 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Periodized Resistance Training and High Intensity Interval Training on Body Mass Index and Quality of in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.
Who cites it
137 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- Causality and potential drug targets for hyperandrogenism and anovulation-related infertility: two-sample Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Pooled it
- Improvement of endocrine and metabolic conditions in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome through acupuncture and its combined therapies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The Impact of Metabolic Surgery on Infertility: a Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends and Scientific Contributions.Obesity surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of physical activity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal adiposity and perinatal and offspring outcomes: an umbrella review.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- Prediction and prevention of late-onset pre-eclampsia: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Genetic liability to multiple factors and uterine leiomyoma risk: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- BMI-Dependent Associations of the Estradiol-Linked Polymorphism rs117585797 of theLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Anti-Obesity Drugs in Obesity-Associated Female Reproductive Dysfunction: Translating Mechanistic Evidence into Personalized Clinical Strategies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Construction and validation of a machine learning model for predicting early pregnancy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- Causal effects of reproductive traits on cognitive function: A two-sample and multivariable mendelian randomization study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Elevated Body Mass Index Associated With Uterine Fibroids: A Retrospective Cohort Study With Bioinformatic Validation.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2026Article
- Genetic Correlation and Causal Inference Between Female Fat Distribution and Preeclampsia: An Integrative Genomic Study.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Causal effects of oral microbiome traits on female reproductive diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Opportunities and Challenges for Precision Nutrition in Gestational Obesity Management.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Obesity disrupts ovarian hemodynamics during the preovulatory and luteal phases in mice†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Article
- Unraveling the genetic links between stature and disease in East Asians: A multi-biobank genetic correlation and risk prediction study.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- The Role of Nutrition on the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Article
- Obesity Reduces Endometrial Receptivity by Downregulating the Ob-Rb/STAT-3 Signaling Pathway in Women and Female Mice.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundObesity is observationally associated with altered risk of many female reproductive conditions. These include polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), abnormal uterine bleeding, endometriosis, infertility, and pregnancy-related disorders. However, the roles and mechanisms of obesity in the aetiology of reproductive disorders remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to estimate observational and genetically predicted causal associations between obesity, metabolic hormones, and female reproductive disorders. METHODS AND
findingsLogistic regression, generalised additive models, and Mendelian randomisation (MR) (2-sample, non-linear, and multivariable) were applied to obesity and reproductive disease data on up to 257,193 women of European ancestry in UK Biobank and publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and WHR adjusted for BMI were observationally (odds ratios [ORs] = 1.02-1.87 per 1-SD increase in obesity trait) and genetically (ORs = 1.06-2.09) associated with uterine fibroids (UF), PCOS, heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), and pre-eclampsia. Genetically predicted visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass was associated with the development of HMB (OR [95% CI] per 1-kg increase in predicted VAT mass = 1.32 [1.06-1.64], P = 0.0130), PCOS (OR [95% CI] = 1.15 [1.08-1.23], P = 3.24 × 10-05), and pre-eclampsia (OR [95% CI] = 3.08 [1.98-4.79], P = 6.65 × 10-07). Increased waist circumference posed a higher genetic risk (ORs = 1.16-1.93) for the development of these disorders and UF than did increased hip circumference (ORs = 1.06-1.10). Leptin, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance each mediated between 20% and 50% of the total genetically predicted association of obesity with pre-eclampsia. Reproductive conditions clustered based on shared genetic components of their aetiological relationships with obesity. This study was limited in power by the low prevalence of female reproductive conditions among women in the UK Biobank, with little information on pre-diagnostic anthropometric traits, and by the susceptibility of MR estimates to genetic pleiotropy.
conclusionsWe found that common indices of overall and central obesity were associated with increased risks of reproductive disorders to heterogenous extents in a systematic, large-scale genetics-based analysis of the aetiological relationships between obesity and female reproductive conditions. Our results suggest the utility of exploring the mechanisms mediating the causal associations of overweight and obesity with gynaecological health to identify targets for disease prevention and treatment.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.