ArticleCureus2022
The Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Improving the Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.
Article in Cureus, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigation Into the Effect of Vaccination on Pulmonary Involvements in Patients With COVID-19 Infection, Based on High-Resolution CT Imaging.The clinical respiratory journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Narrative Review of the Evolution of COVID-19 Vaccination Recommendations in Countries in Latin America, Africa and the Middle East, and Asia.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Review
- Article
- Emergence of Post COVID-19 Vaccine Autoimmune Diseases: A Single Center Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines in Adults with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.Vaccines · 2022Review
- A time-delayed model for the spread of COVID-19 with vaccination.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Vaccination Status and Number of Vaccine Doses Are Independently Associated with the PaOVaccines · 2022Article
- Management of hip fracture in COVID-19 infected patients.World journal of orthopedics · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background With the rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), most countries took extreme measures to control the disease. Equitable access to safe and effective vaccines is critical to ending the COVID-19 pandemic. The Ministry of Health program in Saudi Arabia aimed to cover 17.4 million adults (70% of the adult population of Saudi Arabia) by the third quarter of 2021. We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 vaccine on the clinical course and outcomes of the admitted confirmed COVID-19 patients, in comparison to non-vaccinated patients. Methodology A retrospective cross-sectional record review was conducted for all hospitalized confirmed COVID-19 patients at Dammam Medical Complex (Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia) from June to July 2021. Two groups were studied according to the vaccination status (i.e., vaccinated and non-vaccinated). Information regarding comorbidities, length of stay, high oxygen requirements, ICU admission, and mortality data were collected and analyzed using the Python programming language (version 3.7.6) with the use of SciPy library (1.4.1) and Statsmodels module (v0.11.1). Results The sample included a total of 260 admitted confirmed COVID-19 cases. The mortality was significantly lower in the vaccinated group versus the non-vaccinated group with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.378 (CI 0.154-0.928). In addition, the OR of ICU admission was 0.476 (CI 0.218-1.042) and OR of endotracheal intubation was 0.561 (CI 0.249-1.265), but these did not reach statistical significance. We also detected a statistically significant relationship between mortality - regardless of vaccination status - and age ≥ 65 years (P=0.000, OR=7.51; 95%CI 3.13 to 18.04), chronic kidney disease (P=0.010, OR=5.62; CI 1.52 to 20.79), and renal transplant (P=0.037, OR=10.17; CI 1.15 to 89.76). Of note, most of our vaccinated patients received only a single dose (85%). Conclusion There is a significant reduction in mortality cases as well as less complicated hospital courses among the vaccinated group, in spite of the fact that most of our admitted patients had only a single vaccine shot. Suboptimal response to the vaccines was observed in the elder, chronic kidney disease, and renal transplant patients, hence the poorer outcomes in comparison to other patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.