ArticlePharmacology2022
Anesthetic Pharmacology of the Mint Extracts L-Carvone and Methyl Salicylate.
Article in Pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Targets and Biological Activities of Carvone: An Evidence-Graded Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The spearmint extract L-carvone as a euthanasia agent in sheep.Translational animal science · 2026Article
- Substrates in Organic Mint Cultivation: Growth, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Anesthetic- and Analgesic-Related Drugs Modulating Both Voltage-Gated NaBiomolecules · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionHydrocarbons with sufficient water solubility allosterically modulate anesthetic-sensitive ion channels. Mint extracts L-carvone and methyl salicylate water solubility exceeds modulation cutoff values for γ-amino butyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and type-2 voltage-gated sodium (Nav1.2) channels. We hypothesized that mint extracts modulate these channels at concentrations that anesthetize rats.
methodsChannels were expressed separately in frog oocytes and studied using 2-electrode voltage clamp techniques at drug concentrations up to 10 mM. Normalized current effects were fit to Hill equations. Mint compounds were formulated in a lipid emulsion and administered IV to rats. When unresponsive to the tail clamp, rats were exsanguinated, and plasma drug concentrations were measured.
resultsBoth mint compounds caused concentration-dependent inhibition of all channels except for methyl salicylate which inhibited GABAA receptors at low concentrations and potentiated at high concentrations. Plasma drug concentrations in anesthetized rats were 7.9 mM for L-carvone and 2.7 mM for methyl salicylate. This corresponded to ≥53% NMDA receptor inhibition and ≥78% Nav1.2 channel inhibition by both compounds and 30% potentiation of GABAA receptors by methyl salicylate.
conclusionL-Carvone and methyl salicylate allosterically modulate cell receptor targets important to molecular actions of conventional anesthetics at concentrations that also induce general anesthesia in rats.
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