Observational studyJMIR mHealth and uHealth2022
Daily Level Association of Physical Activity and Performance on Ecological Momentary Cognitive Tests in Free-living Environments: A Mobile Health Observational Study.
Observational study in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Within- and Between-Person Differences in Activity Factor Structure: Results From an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Experience sampling method studies in physical activity research: the relevance of causal reasoning.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Article
- Daily Movement Activities Are Associated With Within-Person Instability of Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Evidence From an Ambulatory Assessment Study.Innovation in aging · 2025Article
- Associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep with next-day cognitive performance in older adults: a micro-longitudinal study.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2024Article
- Do delayed responses introduce bias in ecological momentary assessment? Evidence from comparisons between self-reported and objective physical activity.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Physical activity and cognitive function: moment-to-moment and day-to-day associations.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023Article
- Feasibility and validity of ecological momentary cognitive testing among older adults with mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in digital health · 2022Article
- The ambulatory battery of creativity: Additional evidence for reliability and validity.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResearch suggests that physical activity (PA) has both acute and chronic beneficial effects on cognitive function in laboratory settings and under supervised conditions. Mobile health technologies make it possible to reliably measure PA and cognition in free-living environments, thus increasing generalizability and reach. Research is needed to determine whether the benefits of PA on cognitive function extend from the laboratory to real-world contexts.
objectiveThis observational study aims to examine the association between daily fluctuations in PA and cognitive performance using mobile health technologies in free-living environments.
methodsA total of 90 adults (mean age 59, SD 6.3 years; 65/90, 72% men) with various comorbidities (eg, cardiovascular risk and HIV) and different levels of baseline cognition (ranging from cognitively normal to impaired) completed ecological momentary cognitive tests (EMCTs) on a smartphone twice daily while wearing an accelerometer to capture PA levels for 14 days. Linear mixed-effects models examined the daily associations of PA with executive function and verbal learning EMCTs. Moderation analyses investigated whether the relationship between daily PA and daily performance on EMCTs changed as a function of baseline cognition, cardiovascular risk, and functional status (independent vs dependent).
resultsDays with greater PA were associated with better (faster) performance on an executive function EMCT after covariate adjustment (estimate -0.013; β=-.16; P=.04). Moderation analyses (estimate 0.048; β=.58; P=.001) indicated that days with greater PA were associated with better (faster) executive function performance in individuals who were functionally dependent (effect size -0.53; P<.001) and not in functionally independent adults (effect size -0.01; P=.91).
conclusionsEMCTs may be a sensitive tool for capturing daily-level PA-related fluctuations in cognitive performance in real-world contexts and could be a promising candidate for tracking cognitive performance in digital health interventions aimed at increasing PA. Further research is needed to determine individual characteristics that may moderate the association between daily PA and EMCT performance in free-living environments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.