ReviewACS infectious diseases2022
Exotoxin-Targeted Drug Modalities as Antibiotic Alternatives.
Review in ACS infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pneumolysin as a target for new therapies against pneumococcal infections: A systematic review.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Gangliosides in molecular interactions and cell regulation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- The toxic effects of α-hemolysin and β-hemolysin produced byFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Next Frontier: Unveiling Novel Approaches for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Review
- ADP-ribosyltransferase-based biocatalysis of nonhydrolyzable NAD+ analogs.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Anti-Cancer Mechanisms of Antibiotics: Current Insights, Controversies, and Future Perspectives.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effects of global change drivers on the expression of pathogenicity and stress genes in dryland soil fungi.mSphere · 2024Article
- Beyond Antibiotics: What the Future Holds.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Recent advancements in the specific determination of carcinoembryonic antigens using MOF-based immunosensors.RSC advances · 2024Review
- Repurposing FDA-approved disulfiram for targeted inhibition of diphtheria toxin and the binary protein toxins ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Domperidone InhibitsToxins · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody-Based Approaches in the Management of Bacterial Sepsis.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Article
- Crystal structures of pertussis toxin with NADThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2022Article
- Novel Strategies to Inhibit Pertussis Toxin.Toxins · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The paradigm of antivirulence therapy dictates that bacterial pathogens are specifically disarmed but not killed by neutralizing their virulence factors. Clearance of the invading pathogen by the immune system is promoted. As compared to antibiotics, the pathogen-selective antivirulence drugs hold promise to minimize collateral damage to the beneficial microbiome. Also, selective pressure for resistance is expected to be lower because bacterial viability is not directly affected. Antivirulence drugs are being developed for stand-alone prophylactic and therapeutic treatments but also for combinatorial use with antibiotics. This Review focuses on drug modalities that target bacterial exotoxins after the secretion or release-upon-lysis. Exotoxins have a significant and sometimes the primary role as the disease-causing virulence factor, and thereby they are attractive targets for drug development. We describe the key pre-clinical and clinical trial data that have led to the approval of currently used exotoxin-targeted drugs, namely the monoclonal antibodies bezlotoxumab (toxin B/TcdB,
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.