ReviewFrontiers in oncology2021
Challenges and Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Leptomeningeal Disease (LMD).
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Survival and hematologic toxicity after whole-brain radiotherapy, photon craniospinal irradiation, and proton craniospinal irradiation for solid-tumor leptomeningeal disease: a systematic review.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Preliminary assessment of an MRI-based grading system for leptomeningeal disease: an exploratory prognostic framework.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Spinal leptomeningeal disease in patients with solid tumors: A single-center study on clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.Brain & spine · 2026Article
- Outcomes of leptomeningeal disease after only vertebral osseous metastases: a real-world analysis using the TriNetX database.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Advances in the research of leptomeningeal metastases in non-small cell lung cancer: a narrative review.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Review
- Longitudinal CSF Tumor Cell Enumeration and Mutational Analysis as a Driver for Leptomeningeal Disease Management.Cancers · 2025Article
- A Dramatic Clinical Response to Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan in a Patient with HER-2 Low Breast Cancer with Untreated Leptomeningeal Metastasis and Hydrocephalus.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Leptomeningeal Masses or Masquerades: A Spectrum of Diseases with Leptomeningeal Enhancement and their Mimics.Current medical imaging · 2025Review
- Article
- Leptomeningeal Metastases in Melanoma Patients: An Update on and Future Perspectives for Diagnosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Leptomeningeal Metastasis: A Review of the Pathophysiology, Diagnostic Methodology, and Therapeutic Landscape.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- CEACAM6 serves as a biomarker for leptomeningeal metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Solitary Leptomeningeal Metastasis from Lung Cancer: A Case Report.NMC case report journal · 2022Article
- Development of Two Diagnostic Prediction Models for Leptomeningeal Metastasis in Patients With Solid Tumors.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Comparative evaluation of the diagnostic and prognostic performance of CNSide™ versus standard cytology for leptomeningeal disease.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a devastating category of CNS metastasis with a very poor prognosis and limited treatment options. With maximal aggressive therapy, survival times remain short and, without treatment, prognosis is measured in weeks. Both LMD diagnosis and treatment are challenging topics within neuro-oncology. In this review, we discuss the advances in LMD diagnosis with a focus on the role of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and discuss the role of targeted and immunotherapy in LMD treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.