ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Levels of Breast Milk MicroRNAs and Other Non-Coding RNAs Are Impacted by Milk Maturity and Maternal Diet.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations in Human Milk Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, and microRNAs in Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Compared With Healthy Controls: A Systematic Review and Network-Based Analysis.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Maternal Obesity and MicroRNAs in Breast Milk: Implications for Infant Developmental Programming.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- Breast milk miRNAs and their potential role in the development of atopy in infants.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Characterization and biological health implications of microRNAs from human milk and infant formulas.NPJ science of food · 2025Review
- Parental diet and offspring health: a role for the gut microbiome via epigenetics.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Influence of Maternal Diet and Lactation Time on the Exosomal miRNA Cargo in Breast Milk.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Maternal Diet Quality in Pregnancy and Human Milk Extracellular Vesicle and Particle microRNA.Epigenetics reports · 2025Article
- MicroRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Female Infertility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Relationship of MicroRNA according to Immune Components of Breast Milk in Korean Lactating Mothers.Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- Breastfeeding Intention and Breastfeeding Postpartum Outcomes between High-Risk and Low-Risk Pregnant Women: A Greek Prospective Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Maternal fiber-rich diet promotes early-life intestinal development in offspring through milk-derived extracellular vesicles carrying miR-146a-5p.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- Milk levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 identify mothers with low milk supply.PloS one · 2024Article
- Are Phe-Free Protein Substitutes Available in Italy for Infants with PKU All the Same?Nutrients · 2023Review
- Maternal High Fat Diet in Lactation Impacts Hypothalamic Neurogenesis and Neurotrophic Development, Leading to Later Life Susceptibility to Obesity in Male but Not Female Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Application of Milk Exosomes for Musculoskeletal Health: Talking Points in Recent Outcomes.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Article
- The Association between Infant Colic and the Multi-Omic Composition of Human Milk.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Human Milk-Derived Levels of let-7g-5p May Serve as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker of Low Milk Supply in Breastfeeding Women.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Occurrence, Role, and Challenges of MicroRNA in Human Breast Milk: A Scoping Review.Biomedicines · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is emerging evidence that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) within maternal breast milk (MBM) impart unique metabolic and immunologic effects on developing infants. Most studies examining ncRNAs in MBM have focused on microRNAs. It remains unclear whether microRNA levels are related to other ncRNAs, or whether they are impacted by maternal characteristics. This longitudinal cohort study examined 503 MBM samples from 192 mothers to: 1) identify the most abundant ncRNAs in MBM; 2) examine the impact of milk maturity on ncRNAs; and 3) determine whether maternal characteristics affect ncRNAs. MBM was collected at 0, 1, and 4 months post-delivery. High throughput sequencing quantified ncRNAs within the lipid fraction. There were 3069 ncRNAs and 238 microRNAs with consistent MBM presence (≥10 reads in ≥10% samples). Levels of 17 ncRNAs and 11 microRNAs accounted for 80% of the total RNA content. Most abundant microRNAs displayed relationships ([R]>0.2, adj p< 0.05) with abundant ncRNAs. A large proportion of ncRNAs (1269/3069; 41%) and microRNAs (206/238; 86%) were affected by MBM maturity. The majority of microRNAs (111/206; 54%) increased from 0-4 months. Few ncRNAs and microRNAs were affected (adj p < 0.05) by maternal age, race, parity, body mass index, gestational diabetes, or collection time. However, nearly half of abundant microRNAs (4/11) were impacted by diet. To our knowledge this is the largest study of MBM ncRNAs, and the first to demonstrate a relationship between MBM microRNAs and maternal diet. Such knowledge could guide nutritional interventions aimed at optimizing metabolic and immunologic microRNA profiles within MBM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.