ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Potential Anionic Substances Binding to Platelet Factor 4 in Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia of ChAdOx1-S Vaccine for SARS-CoV-2.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer vaccine designed from homologous ferritin-based fusion protein with enhanced DC-T cell crosstalk for durable adaptive immunity against tumors.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Reverse Engineering of a Pathogenic Antibody Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2023Article
- [Vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) : Efficacy comparison, safety aspects, and current challenges].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2022Review
- Coronary Artery Disease and Axillary Lymphadenopathy Post COVID-19 Vaccine Administration: Insights from Tl-201 Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent reports of rare ChAdOx1-S vaccine-related venous thrombosis led to the suspension of its usage in several countries. Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is characterized by thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in association with anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies. Herein, we propose five potential anionic substances of the ChAdOx1-S vaccine that can combine with PF4 and trigger VITT, including (1) the proteins on the surface of adenovirus, e.g., negative charged glycoprotein, (2) the adjuvant components of the vaccine, e.g., Tween 80, (3) the DNA of adenovirus, (4) the S protein antigen expressed by the vaccine, and (5) the negatively charged impurity proteins expressed by the vaccine, e.g., adenovirus skeleton proteins. After analysis of each case, we consider the most possible trigger to be the negatively charged impurity proteins expressed by the vaccine. Then, we display the possible extravascular route and intravascular route of the formation of PF4 autoantibodies triggered by the negatively charged impurity proteins, which is accordant with the clinical situation. Accordingly, the susceptible individuals of VITT after ChAdOx1-S vaccination may be people who express negatively charged impurity proteins and reach a certain high titer.
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