ArticleThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2022
Distinguishing Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children From COVID-19, Kawasaki Disease and Toxic Shock Syndrome.
Article in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Roles of Oxidative Injury and Nitric Oxide System Derangements in Kawasaki Disease Pathogenesis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Similarities and differences between MIS-C and KD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2022Pooled it
- Current Prognostic Models Fail to Reliably Distinguish Kawasaki Disease From Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Temporally Associated With COVID-19.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Article
- Neurological and neurodevelopmental effects of Covid and MIS-C on children.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Serum cytokine profiling reveals distinct inflammatory signatures in Kawasaki disease and MIS-C and suggests associations with coronary artery lesions.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Grisel's syndrome as an early manifestation of Kawasaki disease preceding Kawasaki disease shock syndrome: a case report.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- MIS-C: Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Midterm cardiovascular outcomes in children with MIS-C compared to Kawasaki disease: a multicenter prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Differentiating Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Using Blood Composite Scores: Insights into Clinical Outcomes and Predictive Indices.Pediatric cardiology · 2025Article
- Kawasaki disease in the pre- and post-COVID-19 era: shifts in patterns and outcomes from a multi-center study.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Cardiac Manifestations and Emerging Biomarkers in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Effects of ulinastatin on therapeutic outcomes and inflammatory markers in pediatric septic shock patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Distinguishing Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children From Typhus Using Artificial Intelligence: MIS-C Versus Endemic Typhus (AI-MET).The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Serology supportive of recent coxsackievirus B infection is correlated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Phenotypic Classification of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Using Latent Class Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Whole-genome sequencing confirmsIDCases · 2025Article
- MIS-C pathogenesis: immune dysregulation & viral triggers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Normative Laboratory Value Ranges in Pediatric Patients Who Underwent Evaluation for MIS-C.Emergency medicine international · 2025Article
- Case Report: Rapidly progressive bilateral pleural effusions in a 12-year-old girl with multisystem inflammatory syndrome who was successfully treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Nationwide Survey of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDistinguishing multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Kawasaki disease (KD), and toxic shock syndrome (TSS) can be challenging. Because clinical management of these conditions can vary, timely and accurate diagnosis is essential.
methodsData were collected from patients <21 years of age hospitalized with MIS-C, COVID-19, KD, and TSS in 4 major health care institutions. Patient demographics and clinical and laboratory data were compared among the 4 conditions, and a diagnostic scoring tool was developed to assist in clinical diagnosis.
resultsA total of 233 patients with MIS-C, 102 with COVID-19, 101 with KD, and 76 with TSS were included in the analysis. Patients with MIS-C had the highest prevalence of decreased cardiac function (38.6%), myocarditis (34.3%), pericardial effusion (38.2%), mitral regurgitation (31.8%) and pleural effusion (34.8%) compared with patients with the other conditions. Patients with MIS-C had increased peak levels of C-reactive protein and decreased platelets and lymphocyte nadir counts compared with patients with COVID-19 and KD and elevated levels of troponin, brain natriuretic peptide and pro-brain natriuretic peptide compared with COVID-19. Diagnostic scores utilizing clinical findings effectively distinguished MIS-C from COVID-19, KD, and TSS, with internal validation showing area under the curve ranging from 0.87 to 0.97.
conclusionsCompared with COVID-19, KD, and TSS, patients with MIS-C had significantly higher prevalence of cardiac complications, elevated markers of inflammation and cardiac damage, thrombocytopenia, and lymphopenia. Diagnostic scores can be a useful tool for distinguishing MIS-C from COVID-19, KD, and TSS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.