ArticleAIDS research and therapy2022
Factors affecting optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression amongst HIV-infected prisoners in South Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study.
Article in AIDS research and therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Non-Adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy Among Adult People Living with HIV in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2024Pooled it
- Viral suppression status and associated factors among key populations on ART in Western Oromia, Ethiopia: a retrospective analysis.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Exploring medication safety in prisons: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Professional Nurses' Experiences Regarding Antiretroviral Adherence by Incarcerated Individuals Living with HIV and AIDS in Correctional Services.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Application of causal forest double machine learning (DML) approach to assess tuberculosis preventive therapy's impact on ART adherence.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The middle-range theory of the nursing diagnosis "ineffective health self-management".Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2025Article
- Unravelling the experiences of incarcerated individuals living with HIV on ART: a qualitative study in Ghanaian prisons.International journal of prison health · 2024Article
- HIV viral suppression in the era of dolutegravir use: Findings from a national survey in Tanzania.PloS one · 2024Article
- Identifying longitudinal patterns of HIV treatment (dis)engagement and re-engagement from oral histories of virologically unsuppressed persons in Uganda: A thematic trajectory analysis.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMaintaining optimal adherence and viral suppression in people living with HIV (PLWH) is essential to ensure both preventative and therapeutic benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Prisoners bear a particularly high burden of HIV infection and are highly likely to transmit to others during and after incarceration. However, the level of treatment adherence and viral suppression in incarcerated populations in low-income countries is unknown. This study aimed to determine factors affecting optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression amongst HIV-infected prisoners in South Ethiopia.
methodsA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted between June 1, 2019 and May 31, 2020 to compare the level of adherence and viral suppression between incarcerated and non-incarcerated PLWH. Patient information including demographic, socio-economic, behavioral, and incarceration-related characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. Medication adherence was assessed according to self-report and pharmacy refill. Plasma viral load measurements undertaken within the study period were prospectively extracted to determine viral suppression. Univariate and multivariate logistic and fractional regression models were used to analyse data.
resultsSeventy-four inmates living with HIV (ILWH) and 296 non-incarcerated PLWH participated in the study. While ILWH had a significantly higher pharmacy refill adherence compared to non-incarcerated PLWH (89 vs 75%), they had a slightly lower dose adherence (81% vs 83%). The prevalence of viral non-suppression was also slightly higher in ILWH (6.0%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.7-14.6%) compared to non-incarcerated PLWH (4.5%; 95%CI: 2.4-7.5%). Overall, missing ART appointments, dissatisfaction with ART services, inability to comply with a specified medication schedule, and types of methods used to monitor the schedule (e.g., news time on radio/TV or other social cues) were significantly associated with non-adherence according to self-report. In ILWH specifically, accessing ART services from a hospital, inability to properly attend clinic appointments, depressive symptoms, and lack of social support predicted NA. Viral non-suppression was significantly higher in males, people of age 31to 35 years and in those who experienced social stigma, regardless of their incarceration status.
conclusionsSub-optimal dose adherence and viral suppression are generally higher in HIV-infected prisoners in South Ethiopia compared to their non-incarcerated counterparts. A multitude of factors were found to be responsible for this requiring multilevel intervention strategies focusing on the specific needs of prisoners.
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