ArticleBMC public health2022
Enforced home-working under lockdown and its impact on employee wellbeing: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Remote workers' life quality and stress during COVID-19: a systematic review.European journal of public health · 2025Pooled it
- Consequences of COVID-19 on Employees in Remote Working: Challenges, Risks and Opportunities An Evidence-Based Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Decreased sexual desire and distress symptoms: an analysis among urban Chinese women.Sexual medicine · 2026Article
- Simulating COVID-19 lockdowns' impact on depressive symptoms in the northern Netherlands.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Behind the screen: exploring the effects of home working on 999 telephone clinicians during the COVID-19 pandemic.British paramedic journal · 2024Article
- Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hand and Arm Dysfunction: A Google Trends Analysis.Cureus · 2024Article
- Home indoor air quality and cognitive function over one year for people working remotely during COVID-19.Building and environment · 2024Article
- Self-Determination Theory and Workplace Outcomes: A Conceptual Review and Future Research Directions.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Boundary violations and university teachers' well-being during mandatory telework: Recovery's role and gender differences.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Accuracy of Upper Limb Movement in the Sagittal Plane among Computer Users during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Smartphone addiction prevalence, patterns of use, and experienced musculoskeletal discomfort during the COVID-19 pandemic in a general Iranian population.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Work-life balance mediating stress and quality of life in academics during COVID-19 in Malaysia.Journal of public health in Africa · 2024Article
- Work-life boundary management of peer support workers when engaging in virtual mental health support during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative case study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Occupational health: the role of demographic factors in the condition of increased risk.International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health · 2023Article
- Participation in the Global Corporate ChallengeInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Activities Carried Out during the First COVID-19 Lockdown by Italian Citizens.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Psychosocial risks emerged from COVID-19 pandemic and workers' mental health.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Review
- Article
- The impact of leadership on employee well-being: on-site compared to working from home.BMC public health · 2022Article
- "In the office nine to five, five days a week… those days are gone": qualitative exploration of diplomatic personnel's experiences of remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Covid-19 pandemic precipitated a shift in the working practices of millions of people. Nearly half the British workforce (47%) reported to be working at home under lockdown in April 2020. This study investigated the impact of enforced home-working under lockdown on employee wellbeing via markers of stress, burnout, depressive symptoms, and sleep. Moderating effects of factors including age, gender, number of dependants, mental health status and work status were examined alongside work-related factors including work-life conflict and leadership quality.
methodCross-sectional data were collected over a 12-week period from May to August 2020 using an online survey. Job-related and wellbeing factors were measured using items from the COPSOQIII. Stress, burnout, somatic stress, cognitive stress, and sleep trouble were tested together using MANOVA and MANCOVA to identify mediating effects. T-tests and one-way ANOVA identified differences in overall stress. Regression trees identified groups with highest and lowest levels of stress and depressive symptoms.
results81% of respondents were working at home either full or part-time (n = 623, 62% female). Detrimental health impacts of home-working during lockdown were most acutely experienced by those with existing mental health conditions regardless of age, gender, or work status, and were exacerbated by working regular overtime. In those without mental health conditions, predictors of stress and depressive symptoms were being female, under 45 years, home-working part-time and two dependants, though men reported greater levels of work-life conflict. Place and pattern of work had a greater impact on women. Lower leadership quality was a significant predictor of stress and burnout for both men and women, and, for employees aged > 45 years, had significant impact on level of depressive symptoms experienced.
conclusionsExperience of home-working under lockdown varies amongst groups. Knowledge of these differences provide employers with tools to better manage employee wellbeing during periods of crisis. While personal factors are not controllable, the quality of leadership provided to employees, and the 'place and pattern' of work, can be actively managed to positive effect. Innovative flexible working practices will help to build greater workforce resilience.
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