ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022
Description of antibiotic treatment in adults tested for Clostridioides difficile infection: a single-center case-control study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical significance of toxin EIA positivity in patients with suspectedJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical outcomes of toxin-positive versus toxin-negative/NAAT-positive Clostridioides difficile infection in South Korea: a single-center retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Clinical features of NAAT-positive, toxin-negative Clostridioides difficile infections in South Korea.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- A Severe Infection Caused by a White Colony-Producing Strain ofAnnals of laboratory medicine · 2024Article
- Syndromic Panel Testing Among Patients With Infectious Diarrhea: The Challenge of InterpretingOpen forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDiagnosing Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is complicated. There have been reports on effects of compliance with anti-C. difficile prescription guidelines on patient outcomes. However, the causes of non-adherence and their impact on outcomes have rarely been explored. Therefore, an investigation on the risk factors for non-adherence with treatment guidelines and their influence on recurrence is important.
methodsThis case-control study was conducted with patients with a positive C. difficile culture from March 2020 to April 2021. We conducted analysis based on treatment categories using factors associated with recurrent CDI as variables. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for non-adherence with treatment guidelines.
resultsIn total, culture positive stool samples from 172 patients were analyzed. Having positive glutamate dehydrogenase antigen (GDH Ag), negative toxin enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and positive nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) (GDH+/toxin EIA-/NAAT +) results were associated with both under- (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.49 [95% CI 1.62-7.51], p = 0.001) and over-treatment (aOR 0.17 [95% CI 0.06-0.48], p = 0.001). Patients with refractory diarrhea were over treated (aOR 2.71 [95% CI 1.02-7.20], p = 0.046). Patients with an increased risk of CDI recurrence were not over treated.
conclusionsOur results suggest that non-adherence with CDI treatment guidelines depends on the duration of symptoms and rapid EIA test results. Patients with an increased risk of recurrence were neglected.
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