ArticleAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP2022
Different Cytotoxic Effects of Vetiver Oil on Three Types of Cancer Cells, Mainly Targeting CNR2 on TNBC.
Article in Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Pharmacological and Therapeutic Potential ofBiomolecules · 2025Review
- Vetiver,Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Cannabinoids and triple-negative breast cancer treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Combination Curcuma longa and Phyllanthus niruri Extract Potentiate Antiproliferative in Triple Negative Breast Cancer MDAMB-231 Cells.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Article
- In vitro synergistic effect of hesperidin and doxorubicin downregulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in highly metastatic breast cancer cells.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- Oral Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC):Cannabinoid (CBD) Cannabis Extract Adjuvant for Reducing Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV): A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.International journal of women's health · 2023Article
- Hesperidin increases theJournal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & researchArticle
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6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate vetiver oil (VO) selectivity effects on several cancer cell types and identify the β-caryophyllene role and mechanisms to prevent cancer development.
methodsCytotoxic effects of VO on three types of cancer cells (WiDr, 4T1, T47D) were determined using MTT assay. VO's effects on the cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry. Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) of cells after treatment with VO was observed with DCFDA staining. Bioinformatics study and molecular docking were used to determine the molecular targets of VO.
resultsVO contained various essential oils in which β-caryophyllene was the most abundant. 4T1 cells performed the lowest IC50 value. WiDr and 4T1 cells showed an arrest in the G2/M phase, while T47D showed an increase of sub G1 population after VO treatment. On the other hand, apoptosis was only observed in WiDr and T47D cells. ROS levels were increased significantly in WiDr and T47D cells but not in 4T1 cells. Cannabinoids CB2 receptor (CNR2) was highly expressed in 4T1 cells and commonly exhibited a low survival rate on Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) patients. CNR2 was the notable target of β-caryophyllene and performed agonistic interaction, which might have contributed to its cytotoxic activity against 4T1 cells.
conclusionThe molecular interaction of VO cannabinoid agonists and the CNR2 receptor was the underlying cause of VO cytotoxicity, which is a VO distinction on TNBC. Therefore, VO is better suited for use as an anti-cancer agent in TNBC cells.
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