ArticleCancer science2022
Exosomes from M1-polarized macrophages promote apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma via the miR-181a-5p/ETS1/STK16 axis.
Article in Cancer science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual-Targeted M1 Macrophage Extracellular Vesicles Reprogram the Tumor Microenvironment and Enhance Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy in Breast Cancer.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- The flavonoid astragalin induces apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma and correlates with a prognostic cell cycle gene signature associated with PANoptosis.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Article
- M1 Macrophage-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles as Synergistic Nanotherapeutics: Harnessing Intrinsic Anticancer Activity and Drug Delivery Capacity.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Polarization-Specific Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Molecular Cargo, Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Harnessing Natural Extracellular Vesicles to Combat Age-Related Diseases: From Aging Drivers to Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Zinc Finger Protein-Based Prognostic Signature Predicts Survival in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- Virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation of natural compounds as potential inhibitors of serine/threonine kinase 16 for anticancer drug discovery.Molecular diversity · 2025Article
- The dual effects of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles on tumor cell behavior: mechanisms and clinical potential.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Isolation and Comprehensive Analysis of Cochlear Tissue-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- M1 macrophage-derived exosomes alleviate leukemia by causing mitochondrial dysfunction.Annals of hematology · 2024Article
- Review
- Extracellular vesicles miR-574-5p and miR-181a-5p as prognostic markers in NSCLC patients treated with nivolumab.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
- IL-33 stimulates the anticancer activities of eosinophils through extracellular vesicle-driven reprogramming of tumor cells.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Enigmatic exosomal connection in lung cancer drug resistance.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Review
- Biological Roles and Clinical Applications of Exosomes in Breast Cancer: A Brief Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- STK16 promoted colorectal cancer progress in a c-MYC signaling-dependent manner.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- The role of Golgi complex proteins in cell division and consequences of their dysregulation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles as new players in chronic non-communicable diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Serine/threonine kinase 16 (STK16) is crucial in on regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and prognosis. Activated M1 macrophages regulate lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) growth by releasing exosomes. This study aims to investigate the role of STK16 and then focus on the possible mechanisms through which exosomes derived from M1 macrophages play their roles in LUAD cells by targeting STK16. Clinical LUAD samples were used to evaluate the expression of STK16 and its association with prognosis. Exosomes were isolated from M0 and M1 macrophages by ultracentrifugation and were then identified by electron microscopy and western blotting. In vitro gain- and loss-of-function experiments with LUAD cells were performed to elucidate the functions of miR-181a-5p, ETS1, and STK16, and mouse xenograft models were used to verify the function of STK16 in vivo. Western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, CCK-8 assay, cell apoptosis, immunohistochemistry staining, luciferase assay, ChIP assay, and bioinformatics analysis were performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms. High expression of STK16 was observed in LUAD tissues and cells, and higher expression of STK16 was associated with worse prognosis. Silencing STK16 expression inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis via the AKT1 pathway. Exosomes from M1 macrophages inhibited viability and promoted apoptosis by inhibiting STK16. Moreover, miR-181a-5p is the functional molecule in M1 macrophage-derived exosomes and plays a vital role in inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis by targeting ETS1 and STK16. Hence, exosomes derived from M1 macrophages were capable of inhibiting viability and promoting apoptosis in LUAD via the miR-181a-5p/ETS1/STK16 axis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.