Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35091423›Full record

ArticleBMJ health & care informatics2022

Connecting artificial intelligence and primary care challenges: findings from a multi stakeholder collaborative consultation.

Jacqueline K Kueper, Amanda Terry, Ravninder Bahniwal, Leslie Meredith, Ron Beleno, Judith Belle Brown, Janet Dang, Daniel Leger, Scott McKay, Andrew Pinto and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ health & care informatics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Atencion primaria · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Sustainability of AI-Assisted Mental Health Intervention: A Review of the Literature from 2020-2025.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. AI and Primary Care: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jacqueline K KueperDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada jkueper@uwo.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6690-1552
Amanda TerryDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Ravninder BahniwalSchulich Interfaculty Program in Public Health, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Leslie MeredithDepartment of Family Medicine, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Ron BelenoAge-Well NCE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Judith Belle BrownDepartment of Family Medicine, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Janet DangLondon Middlesex Primary Care Alliance, London, Ontario, Canada.
Daniel LegerDepartment of Family Medicine, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Scott McKayDepartment of Family Medicine, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Andrew PintoDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Bridget L RyanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Merrick ZwarensteinDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Daniel J LizotteDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite widespread advancements in and envisioned uses for artificial intelligence (AI), few examples of successfully implemented AI innovations exist in primary care (PC) settings.

objectivesTo identify priority areas for AI and PC in Ontario, Canada.

methodsA collaborative consultation event engaged multiple stakeholders in a nominal group technique process to generate, discuss and rank ideas for how AI can support Ontario PC.

resultsThe consultation process produced nine ranked priorities: (1) preventative care and risk profiling, (2) patient self-management of condition(s), (3) management and synthesis of information, (4) improved communication between PC and AI stakeholders, (5) data sharing and interoperability, (6-tie) clinical decision support, (6-tie) administrative staff support, (8) practitioner clerical and routine task support and (9) increased mental healthcare capacity and support. Themes emerging from small group discussions about barriers, implementation issues and resources needed to support the priorities included: equity and the digital divide; system capacity and culture; data availability and quality; legal and ethical issues; user-centred design; patient-centredness; and proper evaluation of AI-driven tool implementation. DISCUSSION: Findings provide guidance for future work on AI and PC. There are immediate opportunities to use existing resources to develop and test AI for priority areas at the patient, provider and system level. For larger scale, sustainable innovations, there is a need for longer-term projects that lay foundations around data and interdisciplinary work.

conclusionStudy findings can be used to inform future research and development of AI for PC, and to guide resource planning and allocation.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceDecision Support Systems, ClinicalHumansInformation DisseminationPrimary Health CareReferral and Consultationartificial intelligencemachine learningprimary health care

Identifiers

PMID35091423
PMCPMC8804627

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.