ReviewMolecular medicine reports2022
Cartilage tissue engineering: From proinflammatory and anti‑inflammatory cytokines to osteoarthritis treatments (Review).
Review in Molecular medicine reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 182 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Osteoarthritis-Related Pain and Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.World journal of surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The causal effect of cytokine cycling levels on osteoarthritis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomized study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Ultrasound-Guided Suprainguinal Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block in Combination with Sciatic Nerve Block for Pain Reduction in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study.Orthopedic research and reviews · 2024Trial
- Small extracellular vesicles in osteoarthritis: A double‑edged sword regulating inflammation and cartilage homeostasis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Comparative study of in vitro osteoarthritic inflammatory models during chondrogenic differentiation in pellet culture.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Article
- Article
- The Osteoimmunologic Basis of Biologic and Bioengineered Therapies in Osteoarthritis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Design Strategies to Target Joint Resident Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Osteochondral Regeneration.Cells · 2026Review
- N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots From Bauhinia purpurea With Anti-Inflammatory and Wound-Healing Properties.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Chondroprotective Effects of Enzyme-Treated Extract fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Overview of the Current Osteoarthritis Treatment in Veterinary Medicine and Future Directions.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- The Effects of DietaryAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Recent Advance in Marine Polysaccharides: Structure, Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms, and Functional Applications.Marine drugs · 2026Review
- A Systematic Review on Amnion as a Cell Delivery Scaffolding Material for Cartilage Regeneration in Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles from TNF-α and TGF-β1-treated ADSCs promote tissue-engineered cartilage regeneration by modulating macrophages via the miR-378a-3p/SIRPα axis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2026Review
- Small heterodimer partner protects against osteoarthritis by inhibiting IKKβ/NF-κB-mediated matrix-degrading enzymes in chondrocytes.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Sex-related differences in circulating inflammatory cytokines in knee osteoarthritis: a prospective clinical study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Observational
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common joint diseases, is characterized by fibrosis, rhagadia, ulcers and attrition of articular cartilage due to a number of factors. The etiology of OA remains unclear, but its occurrence has been associated with age, obesity, inflammation, trauma and genetic factors. Inflammatory cytokines are crucial for the occurrence and progression of OA. The intra‑articular proinflammatory and anti‑inflammatory cytokines jointly maintain a dynamic balance, in accordance with the physiological metabolism of articular cartilage. However, dynamic imbalance between proinflammatory and anti‑inflammatory cytokines can cause abnormal metabolism in knee articular cartilage, which leads to deformation, loss and abnormal regeneration, and ultimately destroys the normal structure of the knee joint. The ability of articular cartilage to self‑repair once damaged is limited, due to its inability to obtain nutrients from blood vessels, nerves and lymphatic vessels, as well as limitations in the extracellular matrix. There are several disadvantages inherent to conventional repair methods, while cartilage tissue engineering (CTE), which combines proinflammatory and anti‑-inflammatory cytokines, offers a new therapeutic approach for OA. The aim of the present review was to examine the proinflammatory factors implicated in OA, including IL‑1β, TNF‑α, IL‑6, IL‑15, IL‑17 and IL‑18, as well as the key anti‑inflammatory factors reducing OA‑related articular damage, including IL‑4, insulin‑like growth factor and TGF‑β. The predominance of proinflammatory over anti‑inflammatory cytokine effects ultimately leads to the development of OA. CTE, which employs mesenchymal stem cells and scaffolding technology, may prevent OA by maintaining the homeostasis of pro‑ and anti‑inflammatory factors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.