ReviewBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2022
Clinical trial diversity: An opportunity for improved insight into the determinants of variability in drug response.
Review in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Inequities in enrollment across clinical trial phases and the need for a Spanish perspective.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- A Simulation-Based Assessment of Dosage Regimen Appropriateness for Multiple Myeloma Medicines Reflecting Demographic and Ethnic Differences.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- DNA Repair, Epigenetic Dysregulation, and Cytokine Network Crosstalk in Head and Neck Cancer: Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities and Clinical Trials.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Embedded transparency in artificial intelligence: a prerequisite for equity and representation in AI-enabled clinical trials.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Can in silico models predict drug-induced cardiac risk in vulnerable populations?Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Challenges and Potential Solutions to Advance Global Cancer Drug Development.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2026Review
- Scoping review of oncology clinical trials nursing: Roles, competencies, and evolving practice in cancer research.Canadian oncology nursing journal = Revue canadienne de nursing oncologique · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of community recruitment and inclusion initiatives on enrollment in the biomarker-driven MyTACTIC trial.Future oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- The READI European project: Enhancing inclusivity in clinical research.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Exploring Diabetes Clinical Trial Participation: A Diverse Group Interview Study.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2026Article
- Impact of Simultaneous Initiation of Finerenone and Empagliflozin on Urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio in Asia: Pre-Specified Analysis of CONFIDENCE.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Article
- An open-source framework for physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of kinetics in the female reproductive tract.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Lamivudine and tenofovir pharmacokinetic variability in people with HIV in Papua New Guinea.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- Improving Patient Engagement in Phase 2 Clinical Trials With a Trial-Specific Patient Decision Aid: Development and Usability Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Enhancing Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in Type 2 Diabetes: The Role of NT-proBNP as a Prognostic Biomarker.Cureus · 2025Review
- Expanding horizons in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: The promise of induction chemoimmunotherapy with radiotherapy.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although the number of countries participating in pivotal trials submitted to enable drug registration has nearly doubled over the past 25 years, there has not been a substantial increase in the diversity of clinical trial populations. In parallel, our understanding of factors that influence medicine response and variability has continued to evolve. The notion of intrinsic and extrinsic sources of variability has been embedded into different regulatory guidelines, including the recent guideline on the importance of enhancing the diversity of clinical trial populations. In addition to presenting the clinical and scientific reasons for ensuring that clinical trial populations represent the demographics of patient populations, this overview outlines the efforts of regulatory agencies, patient advocacy groups and clinical researchers to attain this goal through strategies to meet representation in recruitment targets and broaden eligibility criteria. Despite these efforts, challenges to participation in clinical trials remain, and certain groups continue to be underrepresented in development programmes. These challenges are amplified when the representativeness of specific groups may vary across countries and regions in a global clinical programme. Whilst enhanced trial diversity is a critical step towards ensuring that results will be representative of patient populations, a concerted effort is required to characterise further the factors influencing interindividual and regional differences in response for global populations. Quantitative clinical pharmacology principles should be applied to allow extrapolation of data across groups or regions as well as provide insight into the effect of patient-specific characteristics on a medicine's dose rationale and efficacy and safety profiles.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.