ArticleInternational ophthalmology2022
Ocular surface alterations and changes of meibomian glands with meibography in type 1 diabetic children.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tear function in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Association of peripheral neuropathy with dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Research progress on ocular complications caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus and the function of tears and blepharons.Open life sciences · 2024Review
- Tear film layers and meibomian gland assessment in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using a noninvasive ocular surface analyzer: a cross-sectional case-control study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Article
- Mechanistic investigations of diabetic ocular surface diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
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3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
purposeTo observe the changes of the ocular surface and meibomian glands by non-contact meibography in patients with type 1 diabetic children.
methodsA total of forty-three patients with type 1 diabetic children and 43 age-matched healthy subjects were included in the study. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, invasive tear film break-up time (TF-BUT), fluorescein staining of the ocular surface and Schirmer II test were performed for all participants. Ocular surface and lid margins were evaluated by slit lamp. Non-contact meibography was performed with the Phoenix-Meibography module in Sirius corneal topographic device.
resultsBoth groups consisted of 25 (58.1%) female and 18 (41.9%) male children and the mean age was 14.4 ± 2.5 years. In the T1DM group, the mean disease duration was 6.8 ± 3.1 years. The mean TF-BUT (p = 0.002) and Schirmer II test (p = 0.007) measurements were lower in the diabetic group than those of in controls. Total eyelid score (p = 0.027) and meibomian gland (MG) secretion score (p = 0.007) were significantly high in diabetic children. MG area loss was also significantly high in both lower and upper eyelid (p < 0.001). In morphological analyses of meibomian glands thinning, shortening and presence of ghost areas (p = 0.05, p = 0.027 and p = 0.000, respectively) were more common in the diabetic group. There was no correlation between both lower and upper eyelid meiboscores and disease duration (p = 0.51 and p = 0.61), BMI (p = 0.08 and p = 0.51), serum HbA1c level (p = 0.06 and p = 0.49) and IGF-1 SDS (p = 0.38 and p = 0.68).
conclusionThe study revealed that the MG loss area increases and morphological alterations of meibomian glands occur in type 1 diabetic children. Disease duration and metabolic control of diabetes do not affect meibography measurements. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: The study was organized in accordance with the ethical standards settled by the Ethics Committee of Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: 2011-KAEK-2, 2021/106. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE: 02.05.2021.
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