Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35088232›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2022

Point-of-care C-reactive protein testing service for respiratory tract infections in community pharmacy: a qualitative study of service uptake and experience of pharmacists.

Petra Czarniak, Leanne Chalmers, Jeffery Hughes, Rebecca Iacob, Ya Ping Lee, Kiran Parsons, Richard Parsons, Bruce Sunderland, Tin Fei Sim

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Rapid microbiological respiratory point-of-care testing: a qualitative study with primary care clinicians.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Petra CzarniakPharmacy, Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia. P.Czarniak@curtin.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7212-0667
Leanne ChalmersPharmacy, Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2477-2190
Jeffery HughesPharmacy, Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-3571
Rebecca IacobPharmacy, Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1514-3915
Ya Ping LeePharmacy, Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5456-3309
Kiran ParsonsPharmacy, Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0258-0059
Richard ParsonsPharmacy, Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5691-0084
Bruce SunderlandPharmacy, Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6214-995X
Tin Fei SimPharmacy, Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0068-5006
Curtin University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Targeted interventions in community pharmacies, such as point-of-care C-reactive protein testing, could reduce inappropriate antimicrobial consumption in patients presenting with symptoms of respiratory tract infections, although data regarding Australian pharmacists' perspectives on its provision are limited. Aim To explore pharmacists' experiences and perspectives of point-of-care C-reactive protein testing, including barriers and facilitators, influencing service provision and uptake. Method A point-of-care C-reactive protein testing service for patients presenting with respiratory tract infection symptoms was trialled in five purposively selected community pharmacies in metropolitan Western Australia. Two pharmacists from each pharmacy participated in one-to-one semi-structured telephone interviews, regarding pharmacist demographics, pharmacy characteristics, experience with the point-of-care C-reactive protein service and training/resources. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Data were imported into NVivo for thematic analysis. Results Interview durations ranged from 28.2 to 60.2 min (mean: 50.7 ± 10.2 min). Of the five themes which emerged, participants reported the point-of-care C-reactive protein testing was simple, fast, reliable and accurate, assisted their clinical decision-making and contributed to antimicrobial stewardship. A major factor facilitating service provision and uptake by consumers was the accessibility and credibility of pharmacists. Barriers included time constraints and heavy documentation. Participants believed there was a public demand for the service. Conclusion Given the global antimicrobial resistance crisis, pharmacists have an important role in minimising the inappropriate use of antimicrobials. The point-of-care C-reactive protein service was readily accepted by the public when offered. However, ensuring efficient service delivery and adequate remuneration are essential for its successful implementation.

Indexed as

Community Pharmacy ServicesPharmaciesRespiratory Tract InfectionsAttitude of Health PersonnelAustraliaC-Reactive ProteinHumansPharmacistsPoint-of-Care SystemsProfessional RoleC-Reactive ProteinAntimicrobial stewardshipClinical decision-makingC-Reactive proteinPoint-of-care testingProfessional pharmacy servicesRespiratory tract infections

Identifiers

PMID35088232
PMCPMC8794609
OpenAlexW4210677817

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.