Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35087799›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2021

Electrical Stimulation for Immune Modulation in Cancer Treatments.

Ritopa Das, Sofia Langou, Thinh T Le, Pooja Prasad, Feng Lin, Thanh D Nguyen

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Electrical stimulation promotes longevity and regeneration in a colonial chordate.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
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  8. The role and mechanism of neutrophils in oncolytic virus therapy.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026
    Review
  9. Review
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Electroceuticals: Unlocking the promise of therapies.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2024
    Review
  14. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ritopa DasDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States.
Sofia LangouDepartment of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States.
Thinh T LeDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States.
Pooja PrasadDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States.
Feng LinDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States.
Thanh D NguyenDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States.
University of Connecticut · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunotherapy is becoming a very common treatment for cancer, using approaches like checkpoint inhibition, T cell transfer therapy, monoclonal antibodies and cancer vaccination. However, these approaches involve high doses of immune therapeutics with problematic side effects. A promising approach to reducing the dose of immunotherapeutic agents given to a cancer patient is to combine it with electrical stimulation, which can act in two ways; it can either modulate the immune system to produce the immune cytokines and agents in the patient's body or it can increase the cellular uptake of these immune agents via electroporation. Electrical stimulation in form of direct current has been shown to reduce tumor sizes in immune-competent mice while having no effect on tumor sizes in immune-deficient mice. Several studies have used nano-pulsed electrical stimulations to activate the immune system and drive it against tumor cells. This approach has been utilized for different types of cancers, like fibrosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, human papillomavirus etc. Another common approach is to combine electrochemotherapy with immune modulation, either by inducing immunogenic cell death or injecting immunostimulants that increase the effectiveness of the treatments. Several therapies utilize electroporation to deliver immunostimulants (like genes encoded with cytokine producing sequences, cancer specific antigens or fragments of anti-tumor toxins) more effectively. Lastly, electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve can trigger production and activation of anti-tumor immune cells and immune reactions. Hence, the use of electrical stimulation to modulate the immune system in different ways can be a promising approach to treat cancer.

Indexed as

cancer treatmentelectrical stimulationelectroporationimmunogenic cell deathimmunostimulantimmunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID35087799
PMCPMC8788921
OpenAlexW4205888405

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.