ArticleCanadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie
Prevalence of gender-based and sexual harassment within orthopedic surgery in Canada.
Article in Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Sex- and gender-based harassment: the toxic substrate of medical professional culture.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026Article
- Physician respondents in sexual misconduct concerns in Canada: a comparative case analysis using publicly available information.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026Article
- The Experiences of Women in Otolaryngology: A Scoping Review.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Medical Student Perceptions of the Barriers to Entering Orthopaedic Surgery Differ by Gender.The clinical teacher · 2025Article
- Barriers and facilitators for female practitioners in orthopaedic training and practice: a scoping review.ANZ journal of surgery · 2025Article
- Perpetrators of gender-based workplace violence amongst nurses and physicians-A scoping review of the literature.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- A systematic review of the literature: Gender-based violence in the construction and natural resources industry.AIMS public health · 2024Review
- A gender-based review of workplace violence amongst the global health workforce-A scoping review of the literature.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Frequency, barriers, outcomes, and consequences of reporting sexual harassment in clinical oncology.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2023Article
- Racial and Sex Disparities in Resident Attrition in Orthopaedic Surgery.JB & JS open accessReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGender-based and sexual harassment are prevalent in the medical profession. We aimed to quantify the prevalence of such behaviours within orthopedic surgery in Canada and to identify any risk factors for experiencing gender-based or sexual harassment in the workplace.
methodsIn collaboration with the Canadian Orthopaedic Association, we conducted a Canada-wide email questionnaire survey in June 2019 of all orthopedic surgeons registered with the Canadian Orthopaedic Association and the Canadian Orthopaedic Residents' Association. The development of our questionnaire was informed by a review of the literature and published surveys on gender-based and sexual harassment, and consultation with researchers in intimate partner violence. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors for harassment.
resultsOf the 1783 surgeons invited to participate, 465 returned the questionnaire (response rate 26.1%); the response rate was 48.1% for females and 22.1% for males. Overall, 331/433 respondents (76.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 72%-80%) and 315/423 respondents (74.5%, 95% CI 70%-78%) reported having experienced at least 1 occurrence of gender-based and sexual harassment, respectively. Women were significantly more likely than men to have experienced both gender-based and sexual harassment (odds ratio [OR] 16.2, 95% CI 4.8-54.0, and OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2-4.0, respectively). Respondents who identified as nonwhite were significantly less likely than those who identified as white to have experienced gender-based harassment (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.99).
conclusionThe prevalence of gender-based and sexual harassment is high within Canadian orthopedic surgery, and women are at highest risk for experiencing harassment. The results may provide the impetus for orthopedic societies to develop action plans and to re-examine and enforce policies to address these damaging behaviours appropriately.
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