ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022
Genetic diversity in L1 ORF of human papillomavirus in women with cervical cancer with and without human immunodeficiency virus in Botswana and Kenya.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of HPV/HIV co-infection on immunosuppression, HPV genotype, and cervical cancer biomarkers.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Vaginal Microenvironment-Driven neural network model for predicting multiple HPV co-infections: a machine learning clinical decision framework.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Scalable long-read nanopore HPV16 amplicon-based whole-genome sequencing.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nurses and doctors 's awareness and knowledge towards treatment and care of cervical cancer patients: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2023Article
- A Cas12a-based fluorescent microfluidic system for rapid on-site human papillomavirus diagnostics.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Prevalence and risk factors for high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women from three southern geopolitical zones of Nigeria.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Characterization of Human Papillomavirus 16 from Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)-Implications for Pathogenicity and Vaccine Effectiveness.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Cervical human papillomavirus genotypes in a high HIV setting: A scoping review of a decade of human papillomavirus epidemiological research in Botswana.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe variation of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes shapes the risks of cervical cancer and these variations are not well defined in Africa. Nucleotide changes within the L1 gene, nucleotide variability, and phylogeny were explored in relation to HIV in samples from Botswana and Kenya.
methodsA total of 98 HPV-positive cervical samples were sequenced to identify different HPV variants. Phylogenetic inferences were used to determine HPV genotypes and investigate the clustering of sequences between women living with HIV (WLWHIV) and -women not living with HIV (WNLWHIV).
resultsOut of 98 generated sequences, 83.7% (82/98) participants had high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes while 16.3% (16/98) had low-risk (LR) HPV genotypes. Among participants with HR-HPV genotypes, 47.6% (39/82) were coinfected with HIV. The prevalence of HR-HPV genotypes was statistically higher in the Botswana population compared to Kenya (p-value < 0.001). Multiple amino acid mutations were identified in both countries. Genetic diversity differed considerably among WLWHIV and WNLWHIV. The mean pairwise distances between HPV-16 between HIV and HIV/HPV as well as for HPV-18 were statistically significant. Six (6) new deleterious mutations were identified in the HPV genotypes based on the sequencing of the L1 region, HPV-16 (L441P, S343P), HPV-18 (S424P), HPV-45 (Q366H, Y365F), and HPV-84 (F458L). The majority of the patients with these mutations were co-infected with HIV.
conclusionsGenomic diversity and different genomic variants of HPV sequences were demonstrated. Candidate novel mutations within the L1 gene were identified in both countries which can be further investigated using functional assays.
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